Meaning of il-khanids (1256-1353 a.d.)
Il-Khanids (1256-1353 A.D.)
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Art and architecture
Glossary of terms history of Islamic art and architecture
Meaning and definition of il-khanids (1256-1353 a.d.) :
The first Mongol dynasty to rule Iran. In January 1256 A.D. Hulagu the grandson of Jinghis Khan crossed the Oxus River coming from Transoxiana (bilad ma wara’ al-nahr) to Iranian lands to consolidate the victories of his grandfather. The empire founded by Hulagu in Iran was one of the four Mongol empires established by Jinghis Khan’s descendants. The first Il-Khanid to rule after Hulagu was his son Abaqa followed by his grandson Arghun who at a certain stage converted from Shamanism to Buddhism. Ghazan, Arghun’s son, converted to Islam in 1295 A.D. and in so doing the ruling class of Iran were once again Muslims. Ghazan was followed by his brother Uljaytu who made twelver Shi‘i Islam the court religion in 1310 A.D. The Il-Khanids thence became very important patrons of Islamic art and architecture. Many grand examples from the period can still be seen in Iran. The mosque of ‘Ali Shah in Tabriz (the Arg), the Friday Mosque at Kirman, the Friday Mosque at Varamin and the stucco mihrab added to the Masjid-i Jami‘ at Isfahan are some examples of their excellent patronage in the field of architecture. It was during the Il-Khanid period that tile mosaic gradually became the main form of decoration. The Qur’ans commissioned by both Ghazan and Uljaytu are among the summits of illumination and calligraphy.
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Glossary of terms history of Islamic art and architecture
Il-Khanids (1256-1353 A.D.)
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