Meaning of samanids (819/874-999 a.d.)
Samanids (819/874-999 A.D.)
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Art and architecture
Glossary of terms history of Islamic art and architecture
Meaning and definition of samanids (819/874-999 a.d.) :
The Samanid dynasty, founded and named after Saman Khudat, ruled over Eastern Iran, Afganistan and Central Asia from the late ninth century to 999 A.D. This Sunni dynasty continued to be faithful to the Abassids, although they were Tahiridi subjects, where Saman Khudat's 4 grandsons were Tahirid governors in Heart, Shash, Fergana and Samarqand. In 874 A.D., the Tahiridis were overthrown by Nasr I ibn Ahmad (r. 874-892 A.D.), the son of the Samarqand governor, who then made Bukhara the capital. His brother, Ismail (r. 892-907 A.D.) defeated the Saffarid Empire by 903 A.D., controlling Afganistan, large areas of Persia with Khorasan. Under Nasr II (r. 914-943 A.D.) the dynasty expanded greatly to include territories from Baghdad, Kerman and Mazandaran (Persian Gulf) to the Indian borders and Turkestan. The Buyids however pushed the Samanids back to Transoxiana and Khorasan from 945 A.D. Nevertheless, their court flourished becoming a locus of Persian spitituality and Persian Islamic literature under Mansur I (961-976 A.D.) and Nuh II (967-997 A.D.). They were defeated by the Ghaznavids in 994 A.D. where they lost Khorasan, and by the Qarakhanids where they lost Transoxiana in 999 A.D., and the latter finally killed their last ruler while fleeing in 1005 A.D. Art and culture flourished under the Samanids, and it was during this period that the renowned philosopher and physician Ibn Sina, known to the West as Avicenna, was born and studied in Bukhara.
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Glossary of terms history of Islamic art and architecture
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