General knowledge quiz questions and answers in english

The following texts are the property of their respective authors and we thank them for giving us the opportunity to share for free to students, teachers and users of the Web their texts will used only for illustrative educational and scientific purposes only.

All the information in our site are given for nonprofit educational purposes

The information of medicine and health contained in the site are of a general nature and purpose which is purely informative and for this reason may not replace in any case, the council of a doctor or a qualified entity legally to the profession.

General knowledge quiz questions and answers in english

General Knowledge Quiz Questions with Answers

No.	Question	Answer
01	The first Prime minister of Bangladesh was	Mujibur Rehman
02	The longest river in the world is the	Nile
03	The longest highway in the world is the	Trans-Canada
04	The longest highway in the world has a length of	About 8000 km
05	The highest mountain in the world is the	Everest
06	The country that accounts for nearly one third of the total teak production of the world is	Myanmar
07	The biggest desert in the world is the	Sahara desert
08	The largest coffee growing country in the world is	Brazil
09	The country also known as "country of Copper" is	Zambia
10	The name given to the border which separates Pakistan and Afghanistan is	Durand line
11	The river Volga flows out into the	Capsian sea
12	The coldest place on the earth is	Verkoyansk in Siberia
13	The country which ranks second in terms of land area is	Canada
14	The largest Island in the Mediterranean sea is	Sicily
15	The river Jordan flows out into the	Dead sea
16	The biggest delta in the world is the	Sunderbans
17	The capital city that stands on the river Danube is	Belgrade
18	The Japanese call their country as	Nippon
19	The length of the English channel is	564 kilometres
20	The world's oldest known city is	Damascus
21	The city which is also known as the City of Canals is	Venice
22	The country in which river Wangchu flows is	Myanmar
23	The biggest island of the world is	Greenland
24	The city which is the biggest centre for manufacture of automobiles in the world is	Detroit, USA
25	The country which is the largest producer of manganese in the world is	USA
26	The country which is the largest producer of rubber in the world is	Malaysia
27	The country which is the largest producer of tin in the world is	Malaysia
28	The river which carries maximum quantity of water into the sea is the	Mississippi
29	The city which was once called the `Forbidden City' was	Peking
30	The country called the Land of Rising Sun is	Japan
31	Mount Everest was named after	Sir George Everest
32	The volcano Vesuvius is located in	Italy
33	The country known as the Sugar Bowl of the world is	Cuba
34	The length of the Suez Canal is	162.5 kilometers
35	The lowest point on earth is	The coastal area of Dead sea
36	The Gurkhas are the original inhabitants of	Nepal
37	The largest ocean of the world is the	Pacific ocean
38	The largest bell in the world is the	Tsar Kolkol at Kremlin, Moscow
39	The biggest stadium in the world is the	Strahov Stadium, Prague
40	The world's largest diamond producing country is	South Africa
41	Australia was discovered by	James Cook
42	The first Governor General of Pakistan is	Mohammed Ali Jinnah
43	Dublin is situated at the mouth of river	Liffey
44	The earlier name of New York city was	New Amsterdam
45	The Eifel tower was built by	Alexander Eiffel
46	The Red Cross was founded by	Jean Henri Durant
47	The country which has the greatest population density is	Monaco
48	The national flower of Britain is	Rose
49	Niagara Falls was discovered by	Louis Hennepin
50	The national flower of Italy is	Lily
51	The national flower of China is	Narcissus
52	The permanent secretariat of the SAARC is located at	Kathmandu
53	The gateway to the Gulf of Iran is	Strait of Hormuz
54	The first Industrial Revolution took place in	England
55	World Environment Day is observed on	5th June
56	The first Republican President of America was	Abraham Lincoln
57	The country famous for Samba dance is	Brazil
58	The name of Alexander's horse was	Beucephalus
59	Singapore was founded by	Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles
60	The famous British one-eyed Admiral was	Nelson
61	The earlier name of Sri Lanka was	Ceylon
62	The UNO was formed in the year	1945
63	UNO stands for	United Nations Organization
64	The independence day of South Korea is celebrated on	15th August
65	`Last Judgement' was the first painting of an Italian painter named	Michelangelo
66	Paradise Regained was written by	John Milton
67	The first President of Egypt was	Mohammed Nequib
68	The first man to reach North Pole was	Rear Peary
69	The most famous painting of Pablo Picasso was	Guermica
70	The primary producer of newsprint in the world is	Canada
71	The first explorer to reach the South Pole was	Cap. Ronald Amundson
72	The person who is called the father of modern Italy is	G.Garibaldi
73	World literacy day is celebrated on	8th September
74	The founder of modern Germany is	Bismarck
75	The country known as the land of the midnight sun is	Norway
76	The place known as the Roof of the world is	Tibet
77	The founder of the Chinese Republic was	San Yat Sen
78	The first Pakistani to receive the Nobel Prize was	Abdul Salam
79	The first woman Prime Minister of Britain was	Margaret Thatcher
80	The first Secretary General of the UNO was	Trygve Lie
81	The sculptor of the statue of Liberty was	Frederick Auguste Bartholdi
82	The port of Banku is situated in	Azerbaijan
83	John F Kennedy was assassinated by	Lee Harry Oswald
84	The largest river in France is	Lore
85	The Queen of England who married her brother-in-law was	Catherine of Aragon
86	The first negro to be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize was	Ralph Johnson Bunche
87	The first British University to admit women for degree courses was	London University
88	The principal export of Jamaica is	Sugar
89	New York is popularly known as the city of	Skyscrapers
90	Madagascar is popularly known as the Island of	Cloves
91	The country known as the Land of White Elephant is	Thailand
92	The country known as the Land of Morning Calm is	Korea
93	The country known as the Land of Thunderbolts is	Bhutan
94	The highest waterfalls in the world is the	Salto Angel Falls, Venezuela
95	The largest library in the world is the	United States Library of Congress, Washington DC

Source : http://www.sbioak.org/QUIZ/General-Knowledge-Quiz.doc

Web site link: http://www.sbioak.org

Google key word : General knowledge quiz questions and answers in english file type : doc

Author : not indicated on the source document of the above text

If you are the author of the text above and you not agree to share your knowledge for teaching, research, scholarship (for fair use as indicated in the United States copyrigh low) please send us an e-mail and we will remove your text quickly.

General knowledge quiz questions and answers in english

UIUC EARLYBIRD 2004
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
October 2, 2004

Round 2 Packet by UIUC ABT (Matt Cvijanovich, Dave Kiang, Tom Phillips, Sudheer Potru, Dom Ricci, Mike Sorice, and Kelly Tourdot)

Toss-Up Questions

1. [Computation - 15 seconds] Let the acceleration of gravity be uniform and equal to 10 meters per second squared downward. Monty Python designs a catapult to attack some smart-mouthed Frenchmen, but he accidentally fires it straight upwards. Monty launches his projectile with an initial velocity of 25 meters per second from the level of the top of his head. How many seconds does Monty have to recognize his error before he is conked on the head?
Answer: 5 seconds (note: “how many seconds” is the question, so the units are optional)

2. As a military leader, this man met early failure in the Autumn Harvest Uprising of 1927. His speech “On the Correct Handling of Contradictions Among the People” advocated criticism by intellectuals as part of The Hundred Flowers campaign, a position he later reversed, while many of his ideas are contained his book of quotations known as the “The Little Red Book.” As his county’s leader he imposed both the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution. For ten points identify this Communist leader who defeated Chiang Kai-Shek and became Chairman of the People’s Republic of China.
Answer: Mao Zedong (or Mao Tse-tung)

3. This class of particles corresponds to the negative energy solutions of Dirac-type equations, and the Feynman interpretation of them states that they can be viewed as their counterparts moving backwards in time. Big Bang theory states that these were dominated by their counterparts after the Grand Unification Epoch, and a normal particle is known as “self-adjoint” if it is equivalent to one of these. For ten points, name the type of matter that annihilates normal matter and may be best typified by the positron.
Answer: anti-matter particles

4. The current and 104th holder of this post is Rowan Williams. Two famous philosophers who held the post were Lanfranc and Anselm, while Stephen Langton incited the nobles against King John while serving in this position. From 1645-60 it was vacant: the only time it has been so for a significant time since 597, when Augustine was dispatched by Gregory the Great. Other famous ones have included Thomas Cranmer, the first Anglican one, and the martyr Thomas á Beckett. For ten points, identify the post that is the highest clerical position in the Anglican Communion.
Answer: Archbishop of Canterbury

5. John Cotton served as this body’s secretary, and among its participants were John Dickenson and Caesar Rodney. It was conceived by John Otis, and nine of the American colonies sent delegations to its meeting in Federal Hall, New York City. In addition to adopting the Declaration of Rights, it organized protests against the agents of its namesake act, which prevented the issuance of licenses and the sale of playing cards. For ten points, what was this October 1765 meeting convened in response to a widespread tax on official documents and papers?
Answer: Stamp Act Congress

6. The first scale used for this was devised empirically in 1932, and theoretical scales of it account for both ionization energies and electron affinities. Most ionic bond pairs have a difference of 2 or more in this property, and while the alkali metals have the lowest values on the periodic table, fluorine has the highest value at 4.0 on the Pauling scale. For ten points, name this ability of an atom to attract to itsrlf an electron pair shared with another atom in a chemical bond.
Answer: electronegativity

7. Situated on an arid plateau dominated by the Marrah Mountains, Nyala and El Fasher are among the major cities in this region. In February of 2003, the Justice and Equality Movement and a national “Liberation Army” rose up in rebellion here against the government of Omar el-Bashir, resulting in a massive wave of refugee flight across its western border into neighboring Chad. For ten points, the state-sponsored Arabic Janjaweed Militia has been terrorizing the ethnically black inhabitants of what region in western Sudan?
Answer: Darfur

8. Book VIII of this work begins with a discussion on the nature of knowledge based around the conflict between the Ptolemaic and Copernican systems. Book V ends with Abdiel denouncing the antagonist and leaving his Army. Books XI and XII discuss a vision of the future of mankind, while Book I relates the building of Pandemonium after the fallen angels land in Hell. The climax occurs in Book IX, in which Eve and Adam partake of the forbidden fruit. For ten points, identify the epic poem about the fall of man by John Milton.
Answer: Paradise Lost

9. This man actually wound-up his life completely blind in St. Petersburg, Russia, far from his home, but, in his 76 years, he managed to partially solve the three-body problem in 1753, establish the law of quadratic reciprocity in 1783, and introduce his namesake identity relating trigonometric functions and complex numbers in 1748. For ten points, name the Swiss mathematician who introduced such symbols as Σ for summation, f for a function, i for the imaginary unit, and e for the natural number, which is sometimes named for him.
Answer: Leonhard Euler

10. This author was highly associated with historical particularism, and she worked as special adviser to the Office of War Information to deal with peoples of occupied territories during World War II. Her first book received little acclaim compared to her famous analysis of Zuni mythology, and she argued that the “personality” of a group defined its successes, misfits, and outcasts in her 1934 book Patterns of Culture. For ten points, name this Columbia psychologist and sociologist, author of The Chrysanthemum and the Sword.
Answer: Ruth Fulton Benedict

11. This man’s rivals included Cratinus and Eupolis. In Plato’s Symposium, he delivers a speech in which he argues that men were originally quadrupeds before being bisected by Zeus, and concludes that love is the pursuit of the other half. His earliest play was the now lost Banqueters, while his second, Babylonians, criticized the demagogue Cleon, which he continued to do in The Acharnians and The Knights. Other plays of his concern the building of Cloudcukooland, a sex-strike by women to end a war, and a literary contest in hell. For ten points, identify this Greek comedian, author of The Birds, Lysistrata, and The Frogs.
Answer: Aristophanes

12. The cholera toxin causes dehydration and death through mechanisms precisely opposite to this disease, which is rare in Asians. It affects the body’s endocrine glands; arises from a mutation in the middle of chromosome seven; and is characterized by chronic cough, recurrent pneumonia, and a sticky mucus that clogs both the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts. For ten points, name this disease that generally causes sterility in adult males; a mostly European genetic disorder.
Answer: cystic fibrosis

13. Many of the troubles of this man’s life are summarized in his “Heiligenstadt Testament,” and his greatest influences were probably C.P.E. Bach and his teacher, Christian Neefe. Among this man’s works are the Righini Variations, the ballet The Creatures of Prometheus, and incidental music to the Goethe play Egmont. For ten points, identify the Austro-German composer of such timeless work as the bagatelle Für Elise, the Kreutzer and Moonlight sonatas, and 9 symphonies, including the Eroica and Pastoral.
Answer: Ludwig van Beethoven

14. A speech in Act II, Scene II of this drama describes the fall of Troy, after which it is announced that the play The Murder of Gonzago will take place the next night. Near the beginning, Voltimand and Cornelius are sent abroad to prevent attack on the country, and near the end, a speech by the jester Osric prefigures four crucial deaths, including that of the title character, whom Fortinbras gives a proper burial. For ten points, name this 1601 drama about the demise of Gertrude, Claudius, and a certain prince of Denmark.
Answer: Hamlet, Prince of Denmark

15. This home of 22 glaciers and source of the Kuban River is known to some as Strobilus. The higher peak of this extinct volcano was first reached by F. Crauford Grove in 1874, six years after its lower summit was reached. Located in extreme Southwestern Russia, for ten points, name this highest peak of the Caucasus Mountains.
Answer: Mount Elbrus (or Gora Elbrus)

16. This work was the subject of an exhibition in the summer of 2004 in Chicago. In it, a tower is visible at top left above a white sailboat and black steamship. Features include a young girl in white looking directly at the viewer and a sailor smoking a pipe at bottom left, but the monkey-leading, bustle-wearing prostitute at center right is especially striking. For ten points, name this monumental canvas painted from 1884 to 1886, a current resident of the Art Institute of Chicago and the pointillist masterpiece of George Seurat.
Answer: A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte (or Un dimanche après-midi à l’ille de la Grande Jatte)

17. The ramifications of this event were greatly exacerbated by overzealous enforcement of the Corn Laws, which were designed in no small part to make the place where it occurred more self-sufficient. The malady at the base of this event is caused by phytophthora ifestans, and it caused approximately one million deaths and two million emigrations, reducing the namesake area’s population by approximately thirty eight percent. For ten points, name this tragedy in the history of Ireland; a period of approximately 5 years during which a disease rendered that island’s staple crop unable to be grown.
Answer: Great Potato Famine (or Great Irish Famine or Famine of 1845-49)

18. This character is the son of Nyame and Asase Ya, and his exploits are told to the dead in the Saramaca and Paramaribo cultures. This deity was dethroned after being tricked using a wax girl, though his time as king of humans, whom he created after dividing night from day, saw the implementation of agriculture. For ten points, name the Ashanti trickster god known as ‘the Spider.’
Answer: Kwaku Anansi (accept Annecy or Aunt Nancy)

19. This man’s friend Max Brod published much of his unfinished work after his death, and he once commented, “The terror of art is that the dream reveals the reality.” The author of a number of depressing short stories, including “A Country Doctor” and “In the Penal Colony,” he also created such characters as Joseph K. for The Trial and the salesman Gregor Samsa for his story about a giant bug. For ten points, name this Czech author of The Metamorphosis.
Answer: Franz Kafka

20. This man’s opposition to the Burnsides’ plan for the Battle of Petersburg is viewed as one major reason for the failure of the attack. He commanded the Army of the Potomac throughout the final stages of the Civil War, though this fact is rarely mentioned in history books. For ten points, name this Union General most famous for commanding the Army of the Potomac at the Battle of Gettysburg.
Answer: George G. Meade

UIUC EARLYBIRD 2004
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
October 2, 2004

Round 2 Packet by UIUC ABT (Matt Cvijanovich, Dave Kiang, Tom Phillips, Sudheer Potru, Dom Ricci, Mike Sorice, and Kelly Tourdot)

Bonus Questions

1. Answer each of the following about a thinker and his work for ten points.
1. This lecturer and essayist carried on a life-long correspondence with Thomas Carlysle and resigned his post as a Unitarian minister shortly after the death of his wife in 1831.h
Answer: Ralph Waldo Emerson
2. Emerson’s first and perhaps best known work is this book, which was first published anonymously in 1836. It seeks to answer the question “Why should not we also enjoy an original relation to the universe?”
Answer: Nature
3. Emerson is often regarded as the foremost exponent of this philosophical movement, which largely stemmed from American misinterpretation of Kant’s synthesis and exposition of the same name.
Answer: Transcendentalism

2. Identify the country from some of its 20th century leaders for ten points each.
1. Muhammad Ali Jinnah, Benazir Bhutto, and Pervez Musharraf.
Answer: Pakistan
2. Sukarno, Suharto, and Megawati Sukarnoputri.
Answer: Indonesia.
3. Juan Carlos Wasmosy and Alfredo Stroessner.
Answer: Paraguay

3. Name these Faulkner novels from characters, for ten points each.
1. Thomas and Henry Sutpen and Quentin Compson.
Answer: Absalom! Absalom!
2. Addie Bundren, Darl, Cash, and Jewel.
Answer: The Sound and the Fury
3. Joanna Burden and Joe Christmas
Answer: Light in August

4. Name each of the following coordinate systems for ten points.
1. This orthonormal, rectangular coordinate system has coordinates that are known generally as x, y, and z in three dimensions.
Answer: Castesian coordinates
2. This two-dimensional coordinate system was devised by Newton and has coordinates r, the distance from an origin point, and θ [“theta”], the angle a line through the origin and the point specified makes with an “upward” line. A circle of radius R [“big r”] centered at the origin is thus specified by the equation r = R.
Answer: circular polar coordinates (prompt on circular coordinates, which are more general)
3. This three-dimensional system is one of the natural extensions of polar coordinates. In it, a radius, a polar plane angle, and an azimuthal inclination angle specify a point.
Answer: spherical polar coordinates

5. Identify the following about an ancient philosopher and his work for ten points each.
1. This native of Stagira tutored Alexander the Great and founded the Lycuem. His works include a book on literary criticism called The Poetics.
Answer: Aristotle
2. In his Prior Analytics, Aristotle focuses on this type of logical argument that is composed of two premises and a conclusion that necessarily follows from them. An example: is all cats are mammals; Heathcliff is a cat; therefore, Heathcliff is a mammal.
Answer: categorical syllogism
3. In this work, which takes its name for the son who edited it, Aristotle attacks the Socratic view that humans who commit sin lack knowledge with his idea of the akratic, or weak-willed person. He also argues that the only end in itself is eudaimonia, or happiness.
Answer: Nicomachean Ethics

6. Answer each of the following relating to a certain very famous work of art for ten points each.
1. This 1506 oil by Leonardo da Vinci probably depicts the wife of Francesco del Giocondo, hence its alternate title.
Answer: The Mona Lisa (prompt on La Giocanda)
2. Probably the most famous work of the dada movement is L.H.O.O.Q., a defacement of The Mona Lisa by this French non-artist.
Answer: Marcel Duchamp
3. Another work derivative of The Mona Lisa, albeit in a somewhat indirect fashion, is the 1876 opera La gioconda by this Italian composer.
Answer: Amilcare Ponchielli

7. Answer the following about a novel, for ten points each.
1. It follows Jack Burden’s research on the work of Cass Mastern, but eventually details the scandals surrounding both Judge Irwin and the corrupt politician Willie Stark.
Answer: All the King’s Men
2. Name the author of All the King’s Men.
Answer: Robert Penn Warren
3. The life and character of Willie Stark are based on this tyrannical and corrupt Louisiana governor nicknamed “the Kingfish.”
Answer: Huey Pierce Long

8. Answer each of the following appertaining to the integrated forms of Maxwell’s equations for ten points.
1. Gauss’ law for the electric field implies that the electric flux through a closed surface is proportional to the amount of this enclosed by that surface.
Answer: electric charge
2. The fact that Gauss’ law for the magnetic field states that the magnetic flux through any closed surface is zero means that it forbids the existence of these hypothetical particles, the magnetic equivalent of charges.
Answer: magnetic monopoles (prompt on monopoles or magnetic charges)
3. This law states that the time rate of change of the magnetic flux through a surface bounded by a loop is equal to the electromotive force induced in that loop. With Gauss’ law for the electric field, it can be used to derive conservation of charge.
Answer: Faraday’s law of induction (prompt on Faraday’s law, since he has others)

9. Answer each of the following about a certain field of social science for ten points.
1. The name of this field was coined in the 19th century and it is the successor to the field of philology for the study of human communications. It distinguishes synchronic and diachronic varieties of itself, and perhaps the single classic defining this field is Saussure’s “Course in [the] General [Variety].”
Answer: linguistics
2. From the Greek for structure, this smallest linguistic structural unit can be a word, prefix, suffix, or simple root.
Answer: morpheme
3. From the Greek for sound, this is the smallest linguistic unit of sound that distinguishes meaning.
Answer: phoneme

10. Name the revolts in France for ten points each.
1. Two outbreaks called this, one “of the Parlement” and the other “of the Princes,” troubled the young Louis XIV and his minister, Cardinal Mazarin.
Answer: The Fronde
2. The February Revolution which installed the Second Republic after ousting Louis Philippe was part of this series of European revolts named for the year in which they took place.
Answer: Revolutions of 1848
3. This uprising of May to March 1871 was led by anarchists, socialists and republicans opposed to Adolphe Thiers and the National Assembly. It was ruthlessly put down during the “Bloody Week.”
Answer: Paris Commune

11. Name each of the following arcade classics for ten points.
1. This 1982 creation of Williams Entertainment has the player controlling an ostrich-mounted knight who must defeat the Buzzard Riders.
Answer: Joust
2. This Atari offering was among the first games to use a trackball. In it, your mission is to shoot fleas, spiders, mushrooms, and all twelve segments of the namesake insect.
Answer: Centipede
3. This paddle-controlled, two-player game will tell you that its objective is to “Avoid missing ball for high score.” This Nolan Bushnell creation of 1972 is often credited with creating the video gaming industry.
Answer: Pong

12. Identify the following about the beginning and end of the French Fourth Republic for ten points each.
1. The Fourth Republic succeeded, after a brief provisional government, what German controlled government led by Henri Petain and Pierre Laval?
Answer: Vichy government
2. The Fourth Republic come to an end as a result of the conflict between the army and the left over this country’s war for independence from France.
Answer: Algeria
3. This man, formerly the leader of the Free French Forces, was given emergency powers when the conflict over Algeria came to a head. He created the more centralized Fifth Republic and became its first president.
Answer: Charles De Gaulle

13. Answer these questions about the kidney, for ten points each.
1. These are the functional units that comprise the kidney.
Answer: nephrons
2. The vascular component of each nephron includes this tightly woven ball of capillaries that is embedded in the Bowman’s capsule.
Answer: glomerulus
3. This is the hairpin-shaped region of the renal tubule in which water and salt are reabsorbed by counter-diffusion.
Answer: loop of Henle

14. Answer each of the following about a painter’s life and work for ten points.
1. The creation of these works designed for churches gave an early impetus for painting. Famous creators of them include Meister Francke and Lucas Cranick, while famous examples include the Maestà and Isenheim ones.
Answer: altarpieces
2. This former painter to Uriel von Gemmingen, elector of Mainz, created The Isenheim Altarpiece as well as such great works as The Mocking of Christ and The Meeting of Saints Erasmus and Maurice.
Answer: Matthias Grünewald (or Mathis Gothardt Nithardt)
3. This “opera in 7 scenes” is a fictionalized account of Grünewald’s life and was produced in 1934 by Paul Hindemith.
Answer: Mathis der Mahler, opera in 7 scenes (or Mathis the Painter, opera in 7 scenes)

15. Answer these questions about a technique in chemistry, for ten points each.
1. This process involves delivery from a buret of a measured volume of a solution of known concentration into a solution containing a substance to be analyzed.
Answer: titration
2. This is the point in a titration at which the concentrations of titrant and analyte in the solution are precisely the same.
Answer: equivalence point (or stoichiometric point)
3. This common indicator is used in many lab titrations. It is colorless in acidic solutions and pink in basic solutions.
Answer: phenolphthalein

16. [Computation – 10 seconds per part] Given a number and the base it is in, convert it to the desired base for ten points.
1. Convert 690, base 10, to base 2.
Answer: 1010110010 [“one zero one zero one one zero zero one zero”], base 2.
2. 3E7, base 16, to base 10, where E is 9, base sixteen + 5, base sixteen.
Answer: 999, base 10
3. 100, base π [pi], to base e. Fix your answer to a precision of two decimal places.
Answer: 102.10

17. Name these novels by Gabriel Garcia Marquez from characters, for ten points each.
1. Santiago Nasar; Angela Vicario
Answer: Chronicle of a Death Foretold (or Crónica de una muerte anunciada)
2. Colonel Aureliano Buendia; Amaranta
Answer: One Hundred Years of Solitude (or Cien años de solidad)
3. Dr. Juvenal Urbino; Fermina Daza
Answer: Love in the Time of Cholera (or El amor en los tiempos de cólera)

18. Name these Shelley poems from first lines, for ten points each.
1. “Hail to thee, Blithe Spirit!”
Answer: “To a Skylark”
2. “The awful shadow of some unseen Power / Floats though unseen among us…”
Answer: “Hymn to Intellectual Beauty”
3. “I met a traveler from an antique land”
Answer: “Ozymandias”

19. For ten points each, identify these mountain passes.
1. This gap opened settlement of Trans-Appalachia by easing travel from Virginia to Kentucky.
Answer: Cumberland Gap
2. This site of some grisly 1847 action cuts through the Sierra Nevada about 56 kilometers Southwest of Reno.
Answer: Donner Pass
3. This is significant path from Afghanistan to Pakistan allows travel through the Hindu Kush to Peshāwar.
Answer: Khyber Pass

20. Identify the following about an Italian city during the Renaissance for ten points each.
1. During the Renaissance, this city experienced the Revolt of the Ciompi, The Pazzi Conspiracy, and the theocracy of Savonarola with the accompanying Bonfires of the Vanities.
Answer: Florence
2. This family ruled Florence during most of the 15th century under leaders such as Cosimo and Lorenzo.
Answer: de Medici
3. In 1509, under the leadership of Piero Soderini, Florence finally succeeded in capturing this rival city of Tuscany. It is known for a 12th century monument.
Answer: Pisa

Hunter College High School Tournament
January 19th, 2008
Round Three

Tossups

1. This event was worsened by the mobilization of the Interahamwe, who got together after the death of Juvenal Habyarimana, whose plane was shot down above the capital. Pasteur Bizumungu took over as president after the event, while most Cabinet posts were given to the RPF, which had been formed by refugees in a neighboring country. Tensions had existed for a long time previous, with the two major entities involved having race riots that ended with 20,000 killed in 1959, and independence was given to the nation involved by Belgium (*) in 1962. The Belgians considered one tribe superior to the other, but the majority Hutu took power away from the minority Tutsi, who had had power under colonial rule. FTP, name this 1994 massacre of the Tutsi in an African nation with capital at Kigali.
ANSWER: Rwandan genocide (accept equivalents)
<Tabachnick>

2. In the beginning of this novel the protagonist’s sister Thomasin is in Diggory Venn’s van, after her marriage license to Damon Wildeve is rejected. Bonfires feature prominently in the opening, as the work begins and ends on Guy Fawkes Day, and the title character is a diamond merchant who has just returned from Paris. His wife drowns in a lake (*) after trying to meet Damon in the middle of the night, and the protagonist goes blind by the end. Following the romantic life of Eustachia Vye, this is, FTP, what novel set in Wessex about Clym Yeobright, a work by Thomas Hardy?
ANSWER: The Return of the Native
<Dees>

3. It mediates the quantum field of the same name, which has a constant vacuum expectation value of 246 gigaelectronvolts. It is CP-even, but because it is a scalar particle, it has zero spin. Several alternate models, such as top quark condensate theory, have been proposed in which it need not (*) exist, as it is the only particle in the Standard Model that has yet to be observed. FTP, name this hypothetical boson, sometimes called the “God particle”, thought to be responsible for giving mass to the gauge bosons.
ANSWER: Higgs boson (prompt on “God particle” before mentioned, do not accept “Higgs field”)
<Chen>
4. According to Homer, the breezes of Zephyrus always fan at this location on the banks of the Oceanus, while Hesiod places it in the Isles of the Blessed. Also called the Land of Orchards or the White Island, and Arion tells his lyre that he will join those here who have passed the darkling flood. A purple light covered everything and horses roamed around, and it is here that Aeneas reunites with his father. Mortals who were related to the gods, as well as Hypermnestra, were sent here, (*) and it was ruled by Rhadamanthys. Orpheus can be heard playing his lyre, and among the notable figures here are the founders of Troy. Often contrasted with Tartarus, FTP, identify this region inhabited by those favorably judged as well as fallen heroes.
ANSWER: Elysium (accept Elysian Fields or Elysion)

5. In this work, the main character had hundreds of replaceable heads for expressions, while his lover had interchangeable masks for the same effect. The main character’s pet dog is named Zero, and has a red nose. The palette used for the main town was restricted to orange, black, and white. (*) Each holiday has its own town that can be accessed through portals in a circle of trees. Characters include the Lock, Shock, Barren, the Clown with the Tear-Away Face, and Oogie Boogie. FTP, name this 1993 stop-motion movie about Jack Skellington, directed by Tim Burton.
ANSWER: The Nightmare Before Christmas
<Tse>

6. This figure is formed by graphing y=(1/x) with a domain restriction to avoid the asymptote, then rotating it in 3 dimensions around the x axis. Integrating under the curve shows that the volume approaches pi, while the surface area is greater than two pi times the natural log of the upper bound of integration. This is sometimes called the painter’s paradox (*) as painting an infinite area requires an infinite amount of paint, but filling the figure requires a finite volume of paint. FTP, name this figure with infinite surface area, but finite volume.
ANSWER: Gabriel’s horn or Torricelli’s trumpet (accept “painter’s paradox” early)
<Chen>

7. This organization was first established by the Statute of Westminster. The 1991 Heads of Government Meeting in Zimbabwe reaffirmed a declaration stating its voluntary and cooperative nature first put forth in the meeting twenty years earlier in Singapore, and its original definition was stretched with the admission of Mozambique in 1995. Burma rejected membership upon independence in 1948, and Ireland, (*) South Africa, and Pakistan withdrew from it, although the latter two have since rejoined. Manchester and Melbourne were the hosts of this organization’s quadrennial athletic Games, founded in 1930 as the British Empire Games. FTP, name this association of sovereign states, almost all of whom were former members of colonial Britain.
ANSWER: the (British) Commonwealth of Nations
<Tabachnick>

8. One story in it is about Eliot, who is watched by Mrs. Sen after school. Another story is about Miranda, who goes with her married lover Dev to the Christian Science Center's Mapparium where he tells her "You're sexy." The final story is about an immigrant boarding with the 103 year old Mrs. Croft after his marriage in Calcutta and is entitled "The 3rd and Final Continent". The title story is about a tour guide for the Das family who learns that Bobby is not Raj's (*) son, but the bastard son of a Punjab man. FTP name this collection of stories named for Mr. Kawasi's job translating Gujarati to a doctor, the 2000 Pulitzer prize winner by Jhumpa Lahiri.
ANSWER: Interpreter of Maladies (Do not accept "The Interpreter of Maladies")
<Dees>

9. With its early history shrouded in mythology, its first distinguishable cultures were the Valdivia and Manchalilla Cultures around 3500 BCE. Volcanoes in this nation include Pichincha, Illiniza, Cotopaxi, and Chimborazo. It gained its independence from the Spanish Vice-Royalty of Peru (*) in 1822 and its capital city was made a UNESCO cultural heritage site in 1978. For ten points, name this country to which the Galapagos Islands belong and which has its capital at Quito.
ANSWER: Republic of Ecuador
<Y. Chen>

10. Though not a composer, this man used whistles, metronomes, and tuning forks in his work. He won a Nobel prize in Medicine in 1904 for researching the digestive system, from which his most famous work stemmed. The term which he is most famous for introducing was actually a result of a mistranslation into English, which caught on when John B. Watson used it. He started the study of TMI, or transmarginal (*) inhibition, an organism’s response to overwhelming stimuli, such as stress or pain, relating shutdown points to temperament. In his most famous experiment, he paired a CS with a US, ringing a bell whenever meat powder was present. FTP, name this psychologist known for conditioning dogs to salivate.
ANSWER: Ivan Petrovitch Pavlov
<Chen>

11. Ko-ko-ri-ko and Fé-an-nich-ton were characters in his first major success, Ba-ta-clan, and other works include a musical retelling of Robinson Crusoe and Mr. Cauliflower will be at Home on.... Many of his works had libretti written by the nephew of the composer of La Juive, Ludovic Halévy, including Bluebeard and two of his more famous works featuring the characters of the Viceroy of Peru and Gardefeu: (*) respectively, La Périchole and La vie parisienne. Agamemnon and Menelaus were in his La belle Hélène, and he never completed his only grand opera, The Tales of Hoffman. FTP name this French composer and creator of the operetta, his best-known example of which is Orpheus in the Underworld.
ANSWER: Jacob or Jacques Offenbach (accept “Ba-ta-clan” before “his” in the first line)
<Tabachnick>

12. Appendix 3 to its report consisted of Public Law 88-202, which was passed by the Senate on December 9th and the House a day after. Appendix 17 is a polygraph examination requested by one of the major remaining players in the event being examined, while Appendix 10 had expert testimony from Robert Frazier and Cortlandt Cunningham of the FBI, who testified regarding firearms and their identification. Members in this included two senators, Richard Russell and John Sherman Cooper; two House members, Hale Boggs and (*) Gerald Ford; as well as John McCloy and Allen Dulles, former director of the CIA. It was led by the chief justice at the time, and determined that the fatal shots had been fired from the sixth floor of the Texas School Book Depository. FTP, name this commission that investigated the assassination of president John F. Kennedy.
ANSWER: the Warren Commission or the President’s Commission on the Assassination of John F. Kennedy
<Tabachnick>

13. Its companion, first sighted by Alvan Clark in 1862, was the first white dwarf ever discovered, and the two rotate about each other with a period of about 50 years and a distance of about 20 astronomical units. Its more common name probably comes from the Greek for “sparkling”, although it was known as Sothis to the Egyptians, (*) who used it to calculate the length of the year and for whom its appearance signaled the coming of the annual floods. Located 8.6 light years away from the solar system, FTP, name this binary star, the brightest in the night sky and largest in the constellation Canis Major, often known as the “dog star”.
ANSWER: Sirius (prompt on Alpha Canis Majoris or the Dog Star early)
<Tabachnick>

14. Influenced by and influencing Todd Rundgren and Mark Bolen, this artist is colorblind in one eye due to a fight he had at age 15. He played Major Jack Celliers in Merry Christmas, Mr. Lawrence and Jareth king of the goblins in Labyrinth. He had to change his last name from Jones in order to avoid being confused with a Monkee. (*) This songwriter studied theater and brought theatrics to rock, taking on personae like the White Duke and Ziggy Stardust. His song "It's No Game (No.2)" from Scary Monsters is the favorite song of Artemis Fowl. FTP, name this writer of Changes, Let’s Dance, and Rebel Rebel and Husband of Iman.
ANSWER: David Bowie
<Pflaum>

15. He argued that sin lies in intentions, not actions, in Know Thyself, and also wrote Dialogue Between a Philosopher, a Jew, and a Christian. He disagreed with Roscelin of Compiègne and Guillaume de Champeaux by saying that language is incapable of demonstrating the truth of physical objects. He went to study under Anselm of Laon but hated it, despite the fact that both are today considered major writers of Scholasticism. His autobiography, History of My Troubles, (*) describes his famous love affair, which produced a son named Astrolabe, while his best-known work as a logician is Sic et non. FTP name this medieval French philosopher castrated for his love affair with Héloïse.
ANSWER: Pierre Abélard or Peter Abelard or Petrus Abaelardus, I guess
<Tabachnick>

16. He reworked many of his pieces innumerable times before he would be satisfied with it, which along with his use of aggressive brushwork and high-key colors combined to create a sensation at the Sidney Janis Gallery in 1953. Major influences on his work are Cubism, Surrealism, and Arshille Gorky, with whom he shared a studio. He was awarded the Andrew W. Mellon Prize in 1979, and a retrospective of his work was mounted in 1983 by the Whitney Museum. The toothy snarls, overripe breasts, and (*) vacuous eyes of pieces such as Seated Woman, Woman and Bicycle, and Two Women in the Country are characteristic of, FTP, which abstract expressionist painter best known for his “Woman” series?
ANSWER: Willem de Kooning

17. Some of his early works include “The Spirit of the Age” and Two Letters on the Measure of Value,” and he laid out the five principles of inductive reasoning, which would become known as his namesake method in his book System of Logic. In one essay he discusses the “tyranny of the majority” and created the Harm Principle, and in another work he would defend the Greatest (*) Happiness Principle and lay the foundation for a movement that would include philosophers such as Henry Sidgewick and Jeremy Bentham. FTP, name this philosopher who wrote On Liberty and Utilitarianism.
ANSWER: John Stuart Mill

18. After it was supressed, a band called The Plastic People of the Universe was arrested, and many prominent artists protested, forming the human rights watchdog group Charter 77. One trigger for this event may have been the publication of Milan (*) Kundera's satire The Joke, and it followed the end of Anton Novotny's presidency. Its leader announced in Brno that there would be "the widest possible democratization," and introduced the idea of "socialism with a human face." FTP name this massive liberalization by Anton Dubcek in Czechoslovakia in 1968, crushed by the USSR and named for the capital of its country.
ANSWER: Prague Spring or Pražské jaro or Pražská jar (prompt on "liberalization of Czechoslovakia" or equivalents; do not accept "Velvet Revolution")
<Dees>

19. The most common type in humans is made up of cross-linked DHI and DHICA polymers and has two types which differ from each other in the pattern of polymer bonds. The second-most-common type incorporates L-cysteine and is found in greater concentrations in women. This type may also become carcinogenic when exposed to (*) UV rays. It can be found in the zona reticularis in the adrenal cortex and the stria vascularis in the inner ear. People of African descent were at a higher risk of developing rickets before the advent of vitamin D supplements, because their skin contains higher levels of this substance. In the brain, it causes the distinctive coloration of the locus ceruleus and the substantia nigra. FTP, name this skin and hair pigment whose deficiency can be caused by albinism.
ANSWER: melanin (accept “eumelanin” until “second-most-common type”)
<Chen>

20. He studied medicine under Geoffroy d’Estissac, and published his own editions of Hippocrates’ Aphorisms and Galen’s Ars parva. However, he is best known for an extended series of works whose “Fifth and Last Book” was expanded from a work which appeared two years earlier of questionable authorship, Isle Sonante. The fourth book in the series is the longest, and concerns a quest for the Sacred Bottle, which contains a “Simulated Battle”. He was forced to flee to Metz after publication of the third book in the series in 1546. (*) In 1532, he published the first book of the series, which concerned the “Horrible and Terrifying Deeds and Words of the Renowned” title king of the Dipsodes. FTP, name this French author best known for his works on Gargantua and Pentagruel.
ANSWER: Francois Rabelais
<Tabachnick>

Hunter College High School Tournament
January 19th, 2008
Round Three

Bonuses

1. Most of this work takes place in 1928, but its second part takes place in 1910. FTPE:
[10] Name this novel set in Yoknapatawpha County that features the suicide of Quentin Compson. Its name comes from one of Macbeth’s soliloquies.
ANSWER: The Sound and the Fury
[10] This man wrote The Sound and the Fury.
ANSWER: William Cuthbert Faulkner
[10] The first part of The Sound and the Fury is narrated by this mentally retarded brother of Quentin.
ANSWER: Benjy or Benjamin or Maury Compson (prompt on “Compson”, obviously)
<Tabachnick>

2. The human genome consists of 24 distinct chromosomes. FTPE, name these human chromosomes.
[10] This chromosome determines sex in humans by way of the SRY gene, which triggers testis development.
ANSWER: Y chromosome
[10] Down syndrome is usually caused by trisomy, or having three copies of, this chromosome, which has also been linked to early-onset Alzheimer’s disease.
ANSWER: chromosome 21
[10] This chromosome was the first chromosome to be completely sequenced by the Human Genome Project in 1999. Deletion or mutation of the tip of this chromosome is related to autism, developmental delays, and mental retardation.
ANSWER: chromosome 22
<Chen>

3. Set was one nasty mother, but he ended up getting his due. Answer the following about him, FTPE.
[10] This consort of Set was said to stand at the head of the birth-bed, and was the companion who guides the newly dead and comforts living relatives.
ANSWER: Nephthys
[10] In a fight that lasted eighty years, this nephew of Set lost his left eye, but took a leg and testicles. After losing, Set was either killed or became the voice of thunder, while this son of Osiris became ruler of Egypt.
ANSWER: Horus
[10] Set protects Re's sun barge during the night, and during the journey has to fight this serpent-like chaos demon.
ANSWER: Apep (accept Apepi, Apopis, or Rerek)

4. Answer these questions about interesting bodies FTPE:
[10] This founder of utilitarianism’s body is preserved in a wooden cabinet at his will. He calls it his “auto-icon” and it is stored in the University College London.
ANSWER: Jeremy Bentham
[10] A song that uses the tune for The Battle Hymn of the Republic describes his soul marching on even though his body is lying “mouldering in the grave”.
ANSWER: John Brown
[10] This herringbone twill cloth was supposedly placed on Jesus’ face, forming a negative image as a side effect of his resurrection. Some other theorists claim that the image was formed using a bas-relief sculpture.
ANSWER: Shroud of Turin
<Tse>

5. Name these kooky stringed instruments, FTPE:
[10] First developed in Hawaii in the 1880s, this is similar to the Portuguese cavaquinho.
ANSWER: ukulele or uke
[10] Anton Karas famously played the score for the 1950 movie The Third Man on this instrument.
ANSWER: zither
[10] This Middle Eastern instrument shaped like a pear is similar to a lute, but without frets.
ANSWER: oud
<Tabachnick>

6. You know you love Disney attractions FTPE:
[10] This ride has a "Hello room" before you enter Scandanavia, Asia, New Guinea, and other locales from around the globe. It is all accompanied by one repeated song telling us "There is just one moon/and one golden sun/and a smile means/friendship to ev'ryone"
ANSWER: It's A Small World
[10] This ride was recently revamped to include a number of animatronic statues of Johnny Depp. It follows the title group of people as they pillage and sing "Yo Ho" and was the last project Walt Disney oversaw.
ANSWER: Pirates of the Carribean
[10] This attraction in Liberty Square originated with an animatronic Abraham Lincoln, and has since expanded to include 41 other dudes who shared a job and talk about it to you. It is not exactly the most popular Disney attraction.
ANSWER: The Hall of Presidents
<Dees>

7. He once taught at the New School in New York, and wrote 4 related books in an attempt to change perceptions of mythology through food analogies. FTPE:
[10] Identify this Belgian born anthropologist who wrote the 4 volume Mythologiques as well as Structural Anthropology.
ANSWER: Claude Levi-Strauss
[10] Claude Levi-Strauss did a lot of field work in this country while he was working at the university of Sao Paolo. He collected a lot of myths from the Native tribes in this country.
ANSWER: Brazil
[10] This work is the first part of Mythologiques and is a collection of Brazilian myths.
ANSWER: The Raw and the Cooked or Le cru et le cuit

8. He died in the Marquesas Islands at age 54 after living for several years on Tahiti. FTPE:
[10] Name this French artist whose works include Vision After the Sermon and A Vase of Flowers.
ANSWER: (Eugène Henri) Paul Gauguin
[10] The title figure is being crucified while peasant-women sit around him in this Gauguin work.
ANSWER: The Yellow Christ or Le Christ jaune
[10] The title of this Gauguin painting is written in a golden section cut from the rest of the work in the top-left. The three major groups of the painting—a woman with a child, young adults, and an old woman nearing death—represent the three parts of the title.
ANSWER: Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going? or D'où venons-nous? Que sommes-nous? Où allons-nous?
<Tabachnick>

9. FTPE, name these electronic components.
[10] This component produces a voltage drop between its two terminals according to Ohm’s law, and is usually symbolized in the U.S. by a zig-zag line in circuit diagrams.
ANSWER: resistor
[10] This component allows current to flow in one direction but not the other, and comes in many different varieties, such as Zener, Schottsky, and light-emitting.
ANSWER: diode
[10] This semiconductor component can be used as an electronic switch or a current amplifier. The bipolar junction variety has three terminals, while the field-effect variety has four terminals, two of which are usually connected together inside the component.
ANSWER: transistor
<Chen>

10. Name these rulers who were overrun by Spanish invaders, FTPE:
[10] This ninth Aztec emperor allowed his eventual conqueror, Hernán Cortés, into Tenochtitlán as a trap, only to be promptly taken prisoner by Cortés. According to Spanish accounts, he was killed by projectiles thrown at him by his own subjects, but others say he was murdered by the Spanish.
ANSWER: Montezuma II or Moctezuma II
[10] This nephew and son-in-law of Montezuma II was the last Aztec emperor. He was captured by the Spanish and refused to speak, but hanged by Cortés upon hearing of a plot against the Spanish.
ANSWER: Cuauhtémoc or Guatimozin
[10] This last Incan emperor won a civil war with his half-brother, only to be captured and executed by an enterprising Francisco Pizarro in 1533.
ANSWER: Atahualpa
<Tabachnick>

11. FTPE, name these political leaders in and around Israel:
[10] This current prime minister of Israel took over after Ariel Sharon’s debilitating stroke.
ANSWER: Ehud Olmert
[10] This president of the Palestinian National Authority served as prime minister under Yasser Arafat. Like Arafat, he belongs to the Fatah party that currently controls the West Bank, not Hamas, who control the Gaza Strip.
ANSWER: Mahmoud Abbas or Abu Mazen
[10] This Lebanese cleric leads the Hezbollah party, with whom Israel fought in 2006.
ANSWER: Hassan Nasrallah
<Tabachnick>

12. The main character of this work lives with Joe Gargery, before receiving some money and falling in love with Estella. FTPE:
[10] Name this novel by Charles Dickens.
ANSWER: Great Expectations
[10] This is the main character of Great Expectations.
ANSWER: Pip or Philip Pirrip (accept either part)
[10] It turns out that this convict whom Pip helped out at the beginning of the novel later becomes his mystery benefactor.
ANSWER: Abel Magwitch
<Tabachnick>

13. FTPE, name these types of bonds, none of which have the first name James:
[10] This special type of dipole-dipole bone usually involves fluorine, oxygen, or nitrogen, which are very electronegative atoms.
ANSWER: hydrogen bonding
[10] This type of bonding can be likened to Communism because many atoms share a "sea of electrons".
ANSWER: metallic bonding
[10] This kind of bond forms between a metal and a nonmetal, where the metal donates one or more electrons that enter the nonmetal.
ANSWER: ionic bonding
<Tse>

14. Name these about works of Peter Tchaikovsky FTPE:
[10] This piece based on a Shakespearean play begins with a musical representation of Friar Lawrence, and commences into a sonata form which includes the fight between the Capulets and Montagues and a famous D-flat “Love theme.”
ANSWER: Romeo and Juliet Fantasie-Overture
[10] The tone poem Francesca da Rimini is based on the story of a noblewoman from Siena who commits adultery with her husband’s brother Paolo, featured in what poem by Dante Alighieri, a part of The Divine Comedy.
ANSWER: The Inferno (I guess if someone really wants they can answer Hell)
[10] This tone poem, inspired by a Mickiewicz poem, shares its name with Tchaikovsky’s first opera about the titular military governor, based on the Ostrovsky play Dream on the Volga, which he burned after being dissatisfied with it.
ANSWER: The Voivod or Voyevoda
<Dees>

15. FTPE Identify these islands or nations in the south Pacific.
[10] This island is in the Society Islands, and it specifically is the largest of the Windward islands in French Polynesia. Its largest city is Papeete, and Paul Gaugain liked it.
ANSWER: Tahiti
[10] This island nation's de facto capital is in the Yaren district, and it is an atoll with a lot of phosphates because it started literally as a big pile of bird droppings.
ANSWER: Nauru
[10] This nation's capital is Nuku'alofa, and has been a kingdom since 1875, unique for a south Pacific location because it never totally lost independence. It is ruled by King George Tupou the 5th, who replaced the very fat Taufa'ahau Tupou the 4th.
ANSWER: Tonga
<Dees>

16. He advocated the belief in "genetic epistemology." FTPE:
[10] Name this Swiss psychologist who developed his 4 stages of a child's development.
ANSWER: Jean Piaget
[10] This first stage of his lasts from birth until age 2 and contains substages like "Reflexes" and "Coordination of Reactions." In it, infants are only able to process the world in terms of their sensory perceptions.
ANSWER: Pre-operational
[10] Piaget taught at a school run by this man, who studied blindfolded chess players before creating an intelligence test that has been modified by researchers at Stanford University.
ANSWER: Alfred Binet

17. Name these things found in the night sky FTPE:
[10] It was used by explorers to determine their latitude, and Polaris currently holds this title.
ANSWER: North Star
[10] From earth it always appears close to the sun because it is an inferior planet, and is the brightest natural object in the night sky aside from the moon.
ANSWER: Venus
[10] It appears brighter in the direction of the constellation Sagittarius, where its center is located.
ANSWER: Milky Way Galaxy
<Tse>

18. Answer these about the Chinese FTPE:
[10] This notable revolt attempted to drive out Christians and other westerners who violated Feng Shui by bringing technology and such. Its participants raided Beijing in June 1900, killing over 200 westerners and leaving the Dowager Empress Cixi’s government in disarray.
ANSWER: Boxer Rebellion/Revolt or Yìhétuán Yùndòng or anything that sounds like The Society of Righteous and Harmonious Fists
[10] This emperor was hand picked by Dowager Empress Cixi before her death when he was 2. In 1912 the Empress Dowager Longyu signed his abdication, and he was restored breifly to power in 1917, and was given emperorship of Manchuko during the Japanese occupation.
ANSWER: Puyi or The Xuantong Emperor or Pu-i
[10] This slightly earlier rebellion was led by Hóng Xiùquán, who claimed to have been adopted as Jesus Christ’s brother, and took over all of Southern China before falling to the Ever Victorious Army in 1864. It is argued that this was the largest war of the 19th century, and it had 20 million casualties.
ANSWER: Taiping Rebellion or The Rebellion of Great Peace
<Dees>

19. Much of the evil in Norse mythology can be traced back to Loki. Answer the following about the trickster deity and his progeny, FTPE.
[10] The Fenris-wolf was so powerful that Gleipnir was crafted in order to temporarily bind his mouth shut, but at the cost of the hand of this war god.
ANSWER: Tyr
[10] After being the main culprit in the death of Baldur, Loki is chained to a boulder, while a snake drips its poison onto his forehead. This woman, his wife, catches the poison in a bowl, but earthquakes are caused when she has to empty her bowl.
ANSWER: Sigyn
[10] Loki was almost killed by this god for cutting off Sif's hair, but got the sons of Ivaldi to replace it.
ANSWER: Thor

20. Identify these things about Chinese Philosophies FTPE:
[10] This philosophical movement arose during the Warring States period seeks 3 fa, or objective ethical standards, and one of its works is the Ten Triads.
ANSWER: Mohism
[10] This philosophy was a rival of Mohism that was followed by Mencius as well as its namesake, the author of The Analects.
ANSWER: Confucianism
[10] This book is also called the "Book of Changes" and is a lot of predictions that are shown as 64 hexagrams. It supposedly was made by Fu Xu.
ANSWER: I Ching

UIUC EARLYBIRD 2004
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
October 2, 2004

Round 6 Packet by UIUC ABT (Matt Cvijanovich, Dave Kiang, Tom Phillips, Sudheer Potru, Dom Ricci, Mike Sorice, and Kelly Tourdot)

Toss-Up Questions

1. This individual’s current positions include Vice Chairman of the National Head Injury Foundation and Vice Chairman of the National Organization on Disability. From 1976 to 1977, he served as Assistant to the Secretary of Defense and, in 1980, he served as Spokesperson for the Office of the President-Elect. For ten points, name the former White House Press Secretary whose name has been associated with gun control ever since he was shot in an assassination attempt on Ronald Reagan on March 30, 1981.
Answer: James Scott Brady

2. One of this author’s grandfathers defended Ft. Stanwix in New York, while the other participated in the Boston Tea Party. Later novels of his include Israel Potter and The Confidence-Man. He spent much of his life sailing on the Acushnet, which provided the basis for his first novel, Typee, and its follow-ups, Omoo and Billy Budd. For ten points, name the seafaring American author most famous for a novel about Captain Ahab and a big white whale.
Answer: Herman Melville

3. This was postulated by Lynn Margulis in the early 1970s, it is now supported by extensive evidence, including the circularity of DNA in bacteria and the mitochondrial ribosome’s similarity to that of the bacterium. The second membrane surrounding both the chloroplast and mitochondrion is probably formed from a plasma membrane, showing that there may have been a relationship in which one species lived inside another. For ten points, name this theory arguing that eukaryotic cells formed from the mutualistic absorption of prokaryotes.
Answer: endosymbiont (or endosymbiosis or endosymbiotic hypothesis; accept other clear knowledge equivalents)

4. This group is probably the single largest employer of people with mathematics degrees in the US, though this is uncertain since it maintains absolutely no contact with the public. President Truman created this organization during the Korean War to assist in the signal intelligence of U.S. forces against the North Korean Government. In 1957, the organization moved from Washington D.C. to its current headquarters in Fort Mead, Virginia. For ten points, name the US government agency that is responsible for cryptographic, electronic, and other forms of intelligence-gathering and that has the acronym NSA.
Answer: National Security Agency (accept NSA early)

5. [Computation - 15 seconds] Given the following system of inequalities: y < 8 – x, y < x/2 + 8, and y > 3; give the x-y planar area of their solution set.
Answer: 37.5 “square units” (or 75/2 “square units”)

6. For a general operator, these are the constants of proportionality such that the operator’s action on the associated operand is proportional to that operand. For a matrix, for example, these are the values λ [lambda] such that the matrix times the associated vector is equal to λ times that vector, and they may be found from the characteristic equation. For ten points, name the “proper” values whose sum is the trace of a matrix and whose product is the determinant of a matrix.
Answer: eigenvalues

7. This man replied “I am too old, too fat, too lazy, and too rich” by way of declining an offer to continue his popular History of England. He argued for a form of compatiblism with his idea of “liberty of spontaneity,” and approached moral relativism with his view that ideas of morality derive from sentiments. He also argued that there is no proof of mental self-identity as we commonly view it just a series of perceptions and ideas. For ten points, identify his author of A Treatise on Human Nature, an 18th Scottish philosopher who argued that we cannot prove there are necessary causal chains.
Answer: David Hume

8. This physical rule was developed out of its namesake’s attempts to generalize Priestley’s law starting around 1785, and its discovery was made possible by the inversion of a sensitive torsion balance. The use of cgs units simplifies the expression of this law by normalizing the charge to its constant of proportionality, which is equal to 1/(4πε) [“one over four pi epsilon”], or about [“eight point nine nine times ten to the ninth meters per farad”]. For ten points, name the electrostatic law that states that the force between two point charges is equal to the product of their charges divided by the square of the distance between them.
Answer: Coulomb’s law

9. In 1978, this neurologist survived a nighttime axe attack most like perpetuated by a Mukhabarat agent. This Shia Muslim moved to Britain in 1971; left the Ba’ath party four years later; and, beginning in 1992, allegedly directed a series of bombings within Iraq via his Iraqi National Accord. Selected to his current post by Lakhdar Brahimi and the Iraqi Governing Council, for ten points, who is this first post-Hussein head of government and interim prime minister of Iraq?
Answer: Iyad Allawi

10. One version of this work is a lithograph on red paper in the Boston Museum of Fine Arts. In it, an island with jutting cruciform shapes is visible in the background, while two people in long hats may be seen at far left. One copy of this painting was stolen from Oslo’s National Gallery in 1994 and, on August 22, 2004, another version was stolen from the a museum dedicated to its artist. For ten points, name this iconic expressionist work of despair and horror; an 1895 painting by Edvard Munch.
Answer: The Scream

11. At the preachy end of this work, a speaker claims that Chicago will belong to the lower class. Intended to be a work of socialism, minor characters in it include Stanislavas, who dies in the cold, and Antanas, the father of the protagonist. Phil Connor rapes that protagonist’s wife Ona, who later dies in childbirth. Eventually, though, Jurgis Rudkus finally escapes the meatpacking factory in this work, which resulted in the passing of the Pure Food and Drug Act. For ten points, name this masterpiece of Upton Sinclair.
Answer: The Jungle

12. This man supposedly taught himself to read by age three, and eventually entered the University of Uppsala, where his doctoral thesis barely qualified. This recipient of a scholarship from Wilhelm Ostwald later worked with cosmology and geology, but gained greater fame with his work in determining that activation energy was an exponential function of temperature and for his acid-base dissociation theories, for which he won the 1903 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. For ten points, name this Swedish chemist.
Answer: Svante August Arrhenius

13. This locale’s enormous General Hospital sits at the corner of College Street and University Avenue, and its Lake Shore Boulevard runs parallel to the Gardiner Expressway on the shore of a Great Lake. This metropolis absorbed five of its neighbors in 1998, and its name is the Huron word for “fishing weir.” For ten points, name the city of approximately two and a half million on the shores of Lake Ontario that is the largest city in Canada.
Answer: City of Toronto, Ontario, Canada

14. This man’s 1879 Festival March was written to commemorate the silver anniversary of the Emperor and Empress of Austria, and to this artist and his daughter is devoted the Azrael symphony of Josef Suk. Among this composer’s outstanding works are his Humoresques and his opus 104 cello concerto. For ten points, name the Czech composer of the “Dumsky” trio, the Slavonic Dances, and the New World symphony.
Answer: Antonín Leopold Dvorák

15. This man was apprenticed to Gustave Flaubert at a young age, and was committed to a mental hospital after attempting suicide at age 42. Later in life, he wrote novels like As Strong as Death and Pierre and Jean, but his fame arose from such collections of stories as Mademoiselle Fifi and Clair de Lune. Emile Zola helped to publish what is often considered his finest short story, “Boule de Suif,” or “Ball of Fat”. For ten points, name this Frenchman who described the trials of Mathilde Loisel in his “La Parure”, or “The Necklace”.
Answer: Henry-René-Albert-Guy de Maupassant

16. This creature is the means of escape from the Assassin’s fortress for the title character and his friends in Umberto Eco’s Baudilino. These are described in Book 3, Chapter 33 of Marco Polo’s Travels and are said to land only on Mount Qaf, the center of the world. They appear in the Arabian Nights as the original master Aladdin’s genie and as an assailant of Sinbad’s ship. Perhaps originating from stories of the Aepyornis maximus, the elephant bird of Madagascar, for ten points, what is this large mythical avian known to carry away elephants?
Answer: Roc or Rukh

17. This was first put forth in the works Toward a Psychology of Being and Motivation and Personality, and it has five levels if “safety” is included. Ultimately nothing more than a scale of achievement, Martin Luther King, Jr., and Mahatma Gandhi are two men considered to have reached the pinnacle of it, which is known as self-actualization. Also including physiological, love, and esteem, and usually drawn in a pyramid structure, for ten points, identify this theoretical structure of emotional requirements named for its American formulator.
Answer: Maslow’s hierarchy of needs (accept near-equivalents including both underlined parts)

18. The third of these laws provided for the freedom of religion, trial by jury, and the prohibition of slavery in its namesake region. They established the township as the basic unit of land grant, maximally divided into thirty-six square mile sections that could be sold for no less than a dollar each, with the proceeds from one section earmarked for public schools. They stated that once a region attained a population of 60,000 inhabitants, it could apply for statehood “on an equal footing with the original states.” For ten points, what was this legislative set enacted under the Articles of Confederation that established procedures for the settlement of the region east of the Mississippi River and north of the Ohio River?
Answer: Northwest Ordinances of 1784, 1785, and 1787

19. Catherine is free to marry Hareton at the end of this work, although she was under impression that Linton was in love with her. Linton is the son of Isabella, whom the protagonist treated cruelly in an attempt to gain revenge on her brother Edgar, as related by Lockwood and Nelly Dean. Ultimately, we find out that Catherine Earnshaw married for social advancement, but Heathcliff eventually gets his revenge. For ten points, name this most famous novel of Emily Brönte.
Answer: Wuthering Heights

20. This operation began on June 26, concomitant with LeMay’s boast “We can haul anything!” when Joseph Smith was appointed to command a taskforce of 102 C-47's and 2 C-54 Skymasters. The situation necessitating this operation was the direct result of the coalescence of the three Western Occupation Zones, and the introduction of a new Duetsch Mark, which lead to a blockade by up to 40 Soviet divisions. For ten points, identify this massive military effort, known as Operation Vittles, designed to supply for approximately one year a certain German city by air.
Answer: The Berlin Airlift (accept Operation Vittles before it’s mentioned)

UIUC EARLYBIRD 2004
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
October 2, 2004

Round 6 Packet by UIUC ABT (Matt Cvijanovich, Dave Kiang, Tom Phillips, Sudheer Potru, Dom Ricci, Mike Sorice, and Kelly Tourdot)

Bonus Questions

1. Identify these people and empires of Africa from clues for ten points each.
1. This group of Southern Africans rose to power under Shaka and fought a war with the British during the reign of Cetshwayo, but, after initial victory at Isandlwana, they were eventually defeated at Ulundi.
Answer: Zulu
2. This empire was established by Sundiata and reached its peak under Mansa Musa. It has given its name to the current African nation with capital at Bamako.
Answer: Mali
3. This West African empire was founded by Osei Tutu and had its capital at Kumagi, It reached its height in the early 1800s and had a Golden Stool as its spiritual symbol. Oh, and its name was recently appropriated by a famous singer.
Answer: Ashanti

2. Name these types of isomers, for ten points each.
1. Existing in cis and trans varieties, isomers of this type are equivalent up to a rotation about a double bond.
Answer: geometric isomers
2. This is one of two non-superimposable mirror images of a type of optical isomer.
Answer: enantiomer
3. Fructose and glucose are isomers of this type because they have the same chemical groups, but those groups are bonded to different atoms on carbon chains.
Answer: structural isomer

3. Identify each of the following giants of classic rock for ten points.
1. This British Invasion group was fronted by Eric Burdon and named for its bestial stage conduct. Their hits include “Don’t Let Me Be Misunderstood,” “I’m Crying,” and their version of “House of the Rising Sun.”
Answer: The Animals
2. This psychedelic, bass-free quartet was founded after Jim Morrison dropped out of UCLA film school, and its biggest hit, “Light My Fire,” was written by guitarist Robbie Krieger.
Answer: The Doors
3. This group was founded by members of The High Numbers with the addition of drummer Keith Moon, and it recently lost bassist John Entwistle, leaving alive only Roger Daltrey and Pete Townshend. They are perhaps best known for rock operas like Tommy and Quadrophenia.
Answer: The Who

4. Identify the following about a really important dude for ten points each.
1. This politician became premier of Prussia in 1862. He is known as the Iron Chancellor and succeeded in unifying Germany, mostly at the expense of Austria-Hungary and France.
Answer: Otto von Bismarck
2. This is the German term for Bismarck’s attack on the temporal authority of the Catholic Church. It included the expulsion of the Jesuits and the May Laws, but cooled off after it failed to break the Catholic Center Party.
Answer: Kulturkampf
3. In 1890, this emperor, the successor of Frederick III, forced Bismarck to resign his position as chancellor. He eventually was forced to abdicate after Germany’s defeat in World War I.
Answer: William II of Germany or (Wilhelm II of Germany)

5. Name these enzymes used in DNA processing, for ten points each.
1. This is the enzyme that “unzips” the two strands of DNA in preparation for either replication or transcription after the action of a topoisomerase.
Answer: helicase
2. After synthesis of Okazaki fragments, this enzyme helps to repair all the nicks in the two DNA strands.
Answer: ligase
3. The I and III types of this enzyme catalyze the addition of nucleotides to the growing complementary strands of DNA.
Answer: polymerase

6. [Computational Math – 10 seconds per part] Given the function [“eff of ecks equals quantity ecks squared plus ecks minus thirty, close quantity, over quantity ecks cubed minus eleven ecks squared minus nine hundred, close quantity”], answer each of the following for the stated number of points.
1. (5 points) For real x, how many times does f (x) vanish?
Answer: 2
2. (5 points, all or nothing) At what values of x does f (x) vanish?
Answer: 5 and –6 [accept in either order]
3. (5 points) For real x, how many times does f (x) become singular?
Answer: 3
4. (5 points per answer) At what values of x does f (x) become singular?
Answer: -25, 0, and 36 [accept in any order]

7. Answer the following questions about an influential French Family for ten points each.
1. Give the dynastic name of the family who first assumed the Frankish throne of Austrasia under Pippin III, the Short.
Answer: Carolingians
2. The Carolingians had previously served in this powerful office,whose powers only grew under Pepin III’s father, Charles Martel.
Answer: mayor of the palace (or major palatii)
3. Name the Frankish dynasty whose last member, Chalderic III, was deposed by Pepin the Short with the sanction of Pope Zacharias.
Answer: Merovingians

8. Name these Mark Twain novels, for ten points each.
1. In addition to attending his own funeral with Joe and Huck, the title character of this novel also witnesses the murder of Doc Robinson by Injun Joe and finds a long-sought-after treasure.
Answer: The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
2. This highly autobiographical novel tells of Twain’s experiences aboard a barge sailing down the title river.
Answer: Life on the Mississippi
3. In this story, hilarity ensues when Hank Morgan is transported 1300 years into the past to a place where chivalry reigned supreme.
Answer: A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court

9. Life can be a dream when you’re a surrealist. Name each of the following artists.
1. This Spaniard often claimed to be surreal himself. His The Persistence of Memory is almost doubtlessly the best-known piece in the genre.
Answer: Salvador Felipe Jacinto Dalí y Domenech
2. This Catalan believed art to be inherently metaphorical, which does a little bit to explain the craziness in his Constellations series, including Personages with Stars. Other works of his are The Matador, Catalan Landscapes, and Dog Barking at the Moon.
Answer: Joan Miró
3. This Belgian is remembered for such canvases as Threatening Weather, The Unexpected Answer, Time Transfixed, and Golconda, which featured his trademark bowler hat wearing men.
Answer: René-François-Ghislain Magritte

10. Name these authors whose works had some problems getting past the censors, for ten points each.
1. The lascivious nature of novels like Portnoy’s Complaint apparently wasn’t as big of a problem as this author’s use of “the F-word” in the short story “Defender of the Faith,” which he for a school in British Columbia.
Answer: Philip Milton Roth
2. Nearly six years after its first publishing, his novel Tropic of Cancer was finally vindicated in the Supreme Court case Grove Press v. Gerstein.
Answer: Henry Valentine Miller
3. Only his novel Lady Chatterley’s Lover was banned in the entire United States, which is ironic, considering that his works The Rainbow and Women in Love both contain somewhat overt lesbianism.
Answer: David Herbert Lawrence

11. Answer these questions about an important work in economics, for ten points each.
1. This famous 1776 work details the herring catch in Scotland and the workings of a pin factory to explain the superiority of a laissez-faire economy.
Answer: An Inquiry into the nature and causes of the Wealth of Nations
2. This Edinburgh economist and philosopher is the author of The Wealth of Nations.
Answer: Adam Smith
3. In The Wealth of Nations, Smith coined this term to describe the unseen force that drives an ideal market to equilibrium. He later equated it with each man’s enlightened self-interest.
Answer: “the invisible hand of the market”

12. Name these Russian authors from works, for ten points each.
1. The poems “The Captain’s Daughter” and “The Bronze Horseman,” and the novel Eugene Onegin
Answer: Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin
2. The poems “The Demon” and “The Novice,” and the novel A Hero of Our Time
Answer: Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov
3. The collection A Sportsman’s Sketches and the novel Fathers and Sons
Answer: Ivan Sergeyevich Turgenev

13. Given a description, name each of the crystallographic unit cells for ten points.
1. This common metallic structure consists of a cube an atom on each corner and one in the middle.
Answer: body-centered cubic
2. This other cubic structure has an atom on each corner, and one in the middle of each side. It achieves the best packing possible for atoms as spheres of equal size.
Answer: face-centered cubic
3. This non-cubic cell consists of two faces of seven atoms, six on the periphery and one in the middle, with an equilateral triangle of atoms between. It has a cell length to edge length ratio of approximately 1.633 and it, too, achieves the best possible packing.
Answer: hexagonal close-packed

14. Identify each of the following modern buildings for ten points.
1. Eero Saarinen’s most distinctive work is probably this 1962 structure located at Kennedy International Airport, New York.
Answer: TransWorld Flight Center (accept things like TransWorld Airlines Terminal or TransWorld Airlines Building; prompt on just TransWorld Airlines)
2. This very distinctive building on Port Jackson consists of six “shell formations” or “sails” and was completed in 1973 based on plans by Joern Utzon.
Answer: Sydney Opera House
3. Doubtlessly the most famous piece in the brutalism movement in architecture is this controversial edifice in central Paris. This home of a modern art museum, concert hall, and national library was built in 1977 and designed by Renzo Piano and Richard Rogers.
Answer: The Georges Pompidou National Center for Arts and Culture (or Le Centre George Pompidou)

15. Identify each the following existentialist philosophers from clues for ten points.
1. Perhaps the most important existentialist is this Frenchman, who distinguished between “being-for-itself” and “being-in-itself” in 1943’s Being and Nothingness, and also wrote the novel Nausea.
Answer: Jean-Paul Sartre
2. Her chief existentialist work is The Ethics of Ambiguity, but she is better known for her feminist work The Second Sex.
Answer: Simone de Beauvoir
3. This German philosopher who greatly influenced Sartre proposed the idea that man was “thrown” into existence. His most important work is Being and Time.
Answer: Martin Heidegger

16. Name each of the following about a phenomenon from optics for ten points.
1. This fundamental process for the combination of waves is the addition of the phased, signed amplitude of each coherent wave that exists at a given point, and can be constructive or destructive. In light, this process can result from diffraction about multiple slits, which produces the namesake type of fringe.
Answer: interference
2. This process is the bending of a wave’s direction at the interface of media with differing propagation velocities. It may be understood as spontaneous self-interference in light of Huygens’ principle.
Answer: refraction
3. This fundamental law of optics relates the angles of incidence and refraction at the boundary of media with dissimilar indices of refraction, stating that the ratio of the sines of those angles is equal to the ratio of the index of the new medium to that of the current one.
Answer: Snell’s law (or the law of Snellius or Snellius’ law)

17. Answer each of the following about some poets for ten points.
1. Perhaps the most noted of the group, his poems include “To Althea, from Prison” and “To Lucasta, Going to the Wars.”
Answer: Richard Lovelace
2. His “seize the day” mentality is clear, as he advises some virgins, to make much of time, to “gather ye rosebuds while ye may.”
Answer: Robert Herrick
3. Lovelace and Herrick, along with John Suckling and others, were known as “Sons of Ben” after their admiration for this Elizabethan dramatist and author of Volpone and The Alchemist.
Answer: Benjamin Jonson

18. For ten points each, identify the body of water from two things that it borders.
1. This costal concavity is adjacent to both St. Petersburg, Florida and the Gulf of Mexico.
Answer: Tampa Bay
2. This sea touches both Italy and Serbia and Montenegro.
Answer: Adriatic Sea (or Mare Adriatico)
3. This treacherous aquatic expanse can get you from Patagonia to Tierra del Fuego.
Answer: Straits of Magellan (or Estrechos de Magellanes)

19. Identify the following about a place in Norse Mythology.
1. This palace had 540 doors, each of which would allow 800 men to pass through at once. It was the abode of the courageous heroes slain in battle, who are known as the Einheriar.
Answer: Valhalla
2. These warrior-virgins and attendants of Odin are sometimes called the battle maidens. They selected the best from the dead fighters to go to Valahalla and then attended them there.
Answer: Valkyres
3. All the Einheriar will be killed on the Plain of Vigrid during this climactic event, in which Loki and the Giants fight Odin and the gods.
Answer: Ragnarok (prompt on Twilight of the Gods)

20. Answer the following questions about relatively modern Spanish history, for ten points each.
1. Since 1968, Spanish authorities have been combating this northern separatist group, which has been known to use terrorism to attempt to create a separate homeland for “its” people.
Answer: ETA (or Euskadi Ta Askatasuna or Basque Homeland and Liberty)
2. Spain celebrated in the streets for the death of this dictator in 1975 and, given what a colossal jerk he was, I can’t blame it for doing so.
Answer: Francisco Paulino Hermenegildo Teódulo Franco Bahamonde
3. Name the Party that lost the control of Spain’s government in that country’s general election on March 14th, 2004.
Answer: Partido Popular (or Popular Party or PP)

Hunter College High School Tournament
January 19th, 2008
Round Seven

Tossups

1. The narrator starts out assessing himself as a “safe man” and mentions the late John Jacob Astor who once described him as “prudent”. The building where he works has a window that faces the shaft of a skylight, and another window that faces a brick wall. The title character, who had previously worked at the Dead Letter Office, has only three coworkers, one who has digestion problems and cannot function in the mornings, (*) an alcoholic who cannot work in the afternoons, and a twelve year old boy named for the cakes he buys for the others. It was first printed in Putnam’s Magazine in two parts, and later reprinted in The Piazza Tales. FTP, name this short story by Herman Melville whose title character always turns down requests by saying “I would prefer not to.”
ANSWER: Bartleby, the Scrivener: A Story of Wall-street (prompt on Bartleby)
<Tse>

2. White blood cells from 4 anonymous donors were used, although one of them, RP11 from Buffalo, New York, was used much more than the others. A rival project, privately funded by Celera, used the riskier but quicker shotgun method, leading to competition with the publicly-funded project. The International HapMap Project is working to further the data produced by this project by studying patterns of single nucleotide polymorphism groups, or (*) haplotypes. It was begun in 1990 and led by James D. Watson. By 2003, most of its sequencing work was complete, except for the highly repetitive centromeres and telomeres. FTP, name this international scientific research project which aims to understand the genetic makeup of humans.
ANSWER: Human Genome Project
<Chen>

3. A 13-point ultimatum was presented to them on the banks of the Thukela River, all the terms of which expired on January 10, after which the invasion commenced. Sergeant Henry Gallagher exclaimed, “Here they come, as thick as grass, and as black as thunder” when their columns attacked at Rorke’s Drift. Immediately before the siege of Eshowe, their troops attempted to ambush British columns at (*) Inyezane, while an impi defeated the British encamped at Isandlwana. FTP – Name this south African ethnic group who fought an 1879 war with the British Empire.
ANSWER: Zulus

4. He praised tar-water in his last work, Siris, while he attacked Newton’s theory of fluxions in The Analyst. He wrote a discussion between a figure who represents John Locke and another figure whose name translates to “lover of spirit” in one work, while in A Treatise Concerning (*) the Principles of Human Knowledge features his famous axiom “esse est percipi.” FTP, name this Idealist philosopher who wrote Three Dialogues Between Hylas and Philonus and who is the namesake of a university town in California.
ANSWER: George Berkeley

5. In this work, a stuttering rebel is tortured for information until a sympathetic Doctor Ferreiro gives him a lethal injection. When Carmen is feeling ill because of her pregnancy, a mandrake root that is placed under her bed relieves her, but she dies after throwing the root into a fire. Pedro is the leader of the rebel guerrillas, and is also the brother of Mercedes (*) who works as a servant at the mill where the main family resides. The main character has to prove herself to be Princess Moanna of the Underground by performing three tasks that are revealed to her by a book. FTP, name this fantasy film set in post Civil War Spain about a girl Ofelia who meets a faun directed by Guillermo del Toro.
ANSWER: Pan’s Labyrinth or El Laberinto del Fauno
<Tse>

6. In Thailand and Laos, the walking one is depicted with double Abhaya mudras. Amitabha is the principal one of these in the Pure Land sect, and is said to have been a king who renounced his throne after receiving teachings from Lokesvararaja. One of them is described in Hindu writings as an avatar of Vishnu. In countries like Myanmar, there are 28 of them. Lao Tzu was said by some to have reincarnated into one. (*) They are usually depicted as having ushnishas, which represent their "expanded wisdom", long earlobes, and "snail shell" curls of hair. The Emerald one is located in Bangkok, and the two at Bamiyan were blown up by the Taliban in 2001. FTP, give the name for anyone who has experienced Nirvana, the most famous one being Siddartha Gautama.
ANSWER: Buddhas
<Tse>

7. This novel opens in the Central London Hatchery and Conditioning Centre where the Director explains the Boshanovksy process to a group of students. A major character takes a helicopter trip with Lenina Crowne (*) where he meets the protagonist who later finds out he is the Director's son. Involving a trip to the Savage Reservation in New Mexico, FTP, name this dystopian novel occurring in the year 632 After Ford, in which Bernard Marx and John the Savage discover the incompatibility of happiness and truth, the most famous by Aldous Huxley.
ANSWER: Brave New World
<Roney>

8. The Saccheri quadrilateral and the Lambert quadrilateral were among the first theorems on this topic. One form can be described by four models, while another has three. In one model, the cross-ratio is used to describe distances. They are useful for modeling space, since one type can describe the edges of the universe where no matter exists, and since the theory of relativity states that space is curved where there is matter. In another model, called the hyperspheric model, lines are modeled by great circles. They do not obey the parallel postulate, (*) since in the hyperbolic type there are infinitely many lines intersecting a point A not on a line L, and in the elliptical type all lines intersect. FTP, name these geometries that do not follow the precepts of an ancient Greek geometer.
ANSWER: non-Euclidean geometries (accept response of “hyperbolic geometry” before “while another has three”)
<Chen>

9. He depicted St. Cosmas and St. Demian in his glass painting All Saints Day, and Rose-Carol Long studied hidden iconography in his works such as Painting with a Green Center and Improvisation 33 [Orient] where she identified St. John the Divine. His later work like Tempered Élan are pictographic, and he compares humanity to a giant triangle in his (*) Concerning The Spiritual In Art. Three of his Compositions series were displayed in the “Degenerate Art” exhibit by the Nazis before their destruction. FTP name this Russian-born German artist who taught at the Bauhaus and was involved in “The Blue Rider” group, named for one of his paintings, to promote abstract art.
ANSWER: Wassily [Vasily Vasileyevich] Kandinsky
<Tse>

10. He was given the epithet Gullintani due to the gold teeth in his mouth, and he has nine different mothers. Raised by boar’s blood, seawater, and the force of the earth, his hall is known as the Cliffs of Heaven. In the form of the god Rig, he created the serfs, peasants, and warriors, and after Loki stole the Brisingamen from Freya, he disguised himself as a seal, sat by the thief, then hours later punched him in the face. Requiring less sleep than a bird, his hearing is keen enough such that he can hear wool grow on a sheep’s back, and at (*) Ragnarok he will kill and be killed by Loki. The owner of the Gjallerhorn, he is the guardian of the rainbow bridge Bifrost. FTP, identify this Norse god who makes sure no one gets into Asgard.
ANSWER: Heimdallr (accept Rig early)

11. Because of addressing issues on 32-bit operating systems, most computers can only support 4096 megabytes of it. The performance bottleneck caused by the growing disparity between its speed and the speed at which CPUs can perform, is referred to as the “memory (*) wall”. When there is not enough of it, swapping must be used. The static type stores information in flip-flops, while the dynamic type uses transistor gates. Most types are volatile, meaning the data is lost when the power is turned off. It is usually sold in modules known as “sticks”. FTP, name this type of computer storage, which allows the data to be read in any order.
ANSWER: random access memory or RAM (prompt on “memory” until "memory wall" is read)
<Chen>

12. He served in the New York State Senate from 1830 to 1834 as part of the Anti-Masonic Party, then switched to the Whig Party as governor of New York from 1839 to 1843. As a member of the Cabinet, he resolved the Trent Affair and made a full recovery after being stabbed in the throat by Lewis Powell as part of a larger conspiracy. His Cabinet post was due to his leadership of his last political party after the collapse of the Whigs, whose nomination he lost in 1856 and 1860. This came a few years after he switched to the new (*) Republican party, and he served in the Cabinets of Abraham Lincoln and Andrew Johnson as Secretary of State. FTP, name this man perhaps best known for his "Folly", the 1867 purchase of Alaska.
ANSWER: William Henry Seward
<Tabachnick>

13. It features the Bonnie Tyler song “Here She Comes” and “Love Kills” by Freddie Mercury, although the earlier version has a Jazz fusion score. All references to the woman Hel were cut, along with violence and Yoshiwara’s House of Sin, and Georgio Moroder famously modified it. Based on a story by Thea von Harbou, it used the Shuftan process in scenes like when the mad Rotwang copies Maria’s likeness, (*) and it features the first use of smash-zoom when Freder finds Maria’s scarf. FTP name this German science-fiction masterpiece about a revolt of the workers who live underneath the title city directed by Fritz Lang.
ANSWER: Metropolis
<Dees>

14. You can enter it on the Bright Angel Trail, which allows access to springs at Indian Garden. To its north is the Kaibab national forest, named after a Native American tribe which has a nearby reservation. Reservations that are adjacent to it are for Hualapai and Havasupai tribes, and a million years ago it had volcanic action (*) block its western end. Its immense strata formed mostly below sea level and its Vishnu Schist is on its inner gorge. It is believed to have been formed 5 million years ago, with most downcutting by its river in the last 2. FTP what is this immense valley beginning in Utah which was formed by erosion from the Colorado River?
ANSWER: the Grand Canyon
<Dees>

15. Tacitus described this warrior’s final battle in the Midlands of England and Cassius Dio wrote that this loser to Paulinus had waist-long red hair. A statue by Westminster Bridge and the Houses of Parliament in London depicts this ruler and daughters riding a chariot. When King Prasutagus died and the Romans took her (*) entire estate in addition to raping her daughters, she became determined to lead a revolt, and led 120,000 people to Camulodunum where a statue of Claudius had been erected at the expense of the British. FTP, name this warrior queen of the Iceni who famously led a rebellion of the Iceni and Trinivantes against Roman rule in Britain in 61 AD.
ANSWER: Boadicea or Boudica
<Tse>

16. The proximity fuse, developed during World War II, applies this principle to detonate automatically when the target is close enough. Since light waves do not travel through a medium, they require the relativistic form of this, which takes into account time dilation. The classical form was tested and confirmed for sound (*) waves in 1845 by Dutch scientist C.H.D. Buys Ballot. For electromagnetic waves, it results in redshift. It relates the transmitted and observed frequencies of a wave in terms of its velocity and the velocity of its source. FTP, name this physical phenomenon that causes the pitch of the siren on a passing police car to change relative to a stationary observer.
ANSWER: Doppler effect or shift
<Chen>

17. This concept was first described by Robert Torrens in an 1815 essay on the Corn Laws, but it is most commonly attributed to David Ricardo, who explained it in On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation. It allows specialization in production, and it allows countries to consume beyond their production possibility frontiers. According to this theory, a country should export (*) goods which it can produce at a low opportunity cost, and import goods which other nations can produce at a lower opportunity cost than its own. FTP, name this economics principle which states that a country can still benefit from trade even if it doesn't have an absolute advantage in the production of any good.
ANSWER: comparative advantage
<Chen>

18. The epigraph to this work contains the words “Majora canamus”, from Vergil’s Eclogues, and part of 1 Timothy. The librettist took liberties with his source text, including changing all the speech of the title character from first person to third person. That librettist, Charles Jennens, took much of his text from the book of Isaiah, while the book of Luke provides the most famous recitative in the work, which begins “There were shepherds (*) abiding in the field”, as well as one of the more famous choruses, beginning “Glory to God in the highest”. The work premiered in Dublin in 1742, and its most famous section, from chapter 19 of Revelation, declares that “the Lord God omnipotent reigneth.” FTP, name this oratorio by Georg Friedrich Händel which contains the “Hallelujah” chorus.
ANSWER: Messiah (I guess accept “The Messiah”)
<Tabachnick>

19. At the end of this work, Alquist blesses two lovers and rechristens them Adam and Eve. The psychologist Hallemeier says that the title characters occassionally ignore orders while talking to the main female role, who has arrived on the island where this work takes place on a humanitarian mission. The founders of the enterprise on the island do not appear, but Domin tells them about them: the son, who sees the title characters as inexpensive workers, (*) and the father, who instead wanted to play a Creator role. Helena Glory finds all this out in, FTP, what sci-fi play by Karel Capek which introduced the term “robot”?
ANSWER: R.U.R. (Rossum’s Universal Robots)
<Tabachnick>

20. While trying to avoid capture, he took refuge at the Holy Sees embassy, where troops attempted to force him out by playing hard rock and The Howard Stern Show outside. He was educated in the Military School of Chorrillos in Lima, and took a course in psychological operations at Fort Bragg, North Carolina. He was simultaneously a paid informant for the CIA and the chief of military intelligence appointed by Omar Torrijos, and spied for Castro’s Cuba. He not only smuggled (*) narcotics from Colombia into he U.S. using his home country as a transshipment base, but was involved in laundering the huge drug profits in Colombia, and sold weapons to the Sandinista government in Nicaragua. FTP, name this dictator overthrown and captured when the U.S. invaded Panama in 1989.
ANSWER: Manuel Noriega
<Tse>

Hunter College High School Tournament
January 19th, 2008
Round Seven

Bonuses

1. Answer the following about figures key to defining American policy during the Cold War, FTPE:
[10] The policy of containment was first laid out by this deputy head of the United States mission to Moscow in his 5300-word "Long Telegram" in 1946, in which he claimed the only way to counter Soviet power was the strengthen Western institutions.
ANSWER: George F. Kennan
[10] This American president outlined his policy of "containment" based on the Long Telegram, stating that "it must be the policy of the United States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures."
ANSWER: Harry S. Truman
[10] As the Secretary of State under Harry Truman, this man played a critical role in convincing the United States to intervene in the Korean War.
ANSWER: Dean G. Acheson

2. Name these things found on the internet, FTPE:
[10] An ongoing project is being undertaken to translate the Bible into the so-called language of these creatures. Most extant examples can be found on icanhascheezburger.com.
ANSWER: Lolcats
[10] Dr. Pepper sponsored a “Cherry” remix of this song which is apparently actually about racism. The video features college student Tay Zonday singing and turning away from the mic to breathe.
ANSWER: Chocolate Rain
[10] The answer to the title question in this series is always affirmative, even when the object at hand is an iPhone or a rake. Each episode is hosted by Tom Dickson, the founder of a line of a certain household appliance.
ANSWER: Will It Blend?
<Tabachnick>

3. FTPE, name these other species of genus Homo.
[10] This early Pleistocene species had increased cranial capacity over earlier Homo species, leading to use of more sophisticated tools and the control of fire. There is some controversy regarding whether it is a separate species from Homo ergaster. Some notable specimens include Java Man, Peking Man, and Turkana Boy.
ANSWER: Homo erectus or upright man
[10] This species may have been the ancestor of Homo erectus, or they may have shared a common ancestor. Some have proposed classifying it in genus Australopithecus instead of genus Homo, since it was much smaller and more ape-like than modern humans. It used tools made of stone flakes primarily for scavenging.
ANSWER: Homo habilis or handy man
[10] Its first known specimen, LB1, was discovered in 2003 on the Indonesian island for which it is named. It has a much smaller body and brain than those of modern humans, does not have a chin, and its forearm bones have an unusually low twist. Some think that it is merely a severely pathological Homo sapiens, but if it is a separate species, it would be the longest-lasting non-modern human, dating to about 18,000 years ago.
ANSWER: Homo floresiensis or Man of Flores (prompt on “Hobbit”)
<Chen>

4. Name these places of worship FTPE:
[10] It is known as an esnoga in Spanish and Portuguese and the Yiddish term shul is used for it in everyday speech.
ANSWER: synagogue
[10] Muezzins stand in the minarets of this kind of building to call people to pray.
ANSWER: mosque
[10] This kind of Shinto shrine is not a place of propagation, and has the sole purpose of enshrinement and worship of a kami.
ANSWER: jinja
<Tse>

5. FTPE Identify these poets from India.
[10] This Bengali poet wrote the Gitanjali, also called the "Song Offering." He won the Nobel Prize after being promoted by William Yeats.
ANSWER: Rabindranath Tagore
[10] This man wrote poetry as well as the Sanskrit play Shakuntala about the romance of Durvasa and Dushyanta. He is considered the greatest Indian dramatist of all time.
ANSWER: Kalidasa
[10] This author of the gigantic novel A Suitable Boy also wrote the sonnet cycle The Golden Gate which is set in San Francisco.
ANSWER: Vikram Seth
<Dees>

6. FTPE name these religious scholars:
[10] This man was known as "Doctor Mirabilis" and is the author of Opus Majus and opus Tertius. He is thought to have been one of the first western users of the modern scientific method, and he may have been accused of witchcraft.
ANSWER: (Doctor Mirabilis) Roger Bacon
[10] This Dominican Monk wrote the hymn Ecce Panis as well as the Summa Theologica, an attempt to combine Aristotelian thought with Christianity.
ANSWER: Saint Thomas Aquinas
[10] This man, the "subtle doctor," wrote commentaries on Peter Lombard's Sentences as well as his Ordinatio. His name has become an insult for a dumb person because of some fanatical followers of his.
ANSWER: John Duns Scotus or John Duns the Scot

7. Name these probability distributions from clues FTPE.
[10] This distribution can be governed by only two parameters: mean and variance. Also called normal distribution, the graph of this kind of probability distribution is sometimes called a bell curve.
ANSWER: Gaussian distribution
[10] This discrete probability distribution describes the probability that a number of events happen, given that the system is in steady-state. As the number of possible events gets larger, this distribution becomes more similar to a Gaussian distrubution.
ANSWER: Poisson distribution
[10] This distribution was derived from its creator’s earlier formula giving the average kinetic energy of a gas molecule, and is used to predict the probability that a number of particles will be in a particular energy state.
ANSWER: Boltzmann distribution
<Tse>

8. Name the following explorers who worked for countries other than the ones of their birth, FTPE:
[10] An Englishman, he was hired by the Dutch East India Company in 1609 and sailed in the Half Moon from New York Bay up his namesake river as far north as Albany, in an attempt to find a passage to the Pacific.
ANSWER: Henry Hudson
[10] This Danish-born navigator was known to the Russians as Ivan Ivanovich, and discovered Alaska for them in 1741. He founded the city of Petropavlovsk on Kamchatka across his namesake sea a year earlier.
ANSWER: Vitus Jonassen Bering
[10] Born in Genoa, this Italian was hired by Henry VII to find a Northwest Passage to India. Instead, he discovered Nova Scotia and New Foundland, and laid the foundation for British claims to Canada.
ANSWER: Giovanni Caboto (or John Cabot)
<Cheng>

9. Name these things about a type of religious music that was dabbled in by Faure, Ligeti, and many others FTPE:
[10] What is the general name for the Catholic "mass of the dead." It is derived from the latin word for rest.
ANSWER: Requiem mass (accept anything that sounds like "Mass" in another language, as long as it says "Requiem" in it)
[10] This is the long poem written by Thomas of Celano that describes the second coming and is used as the "sequence" in most requiems. Mozart made it through to the Lacrimosa section of it before dying, and its Gregorian chant theme has been used by many.
ANSWER: Dies Irae
[10] This man wrote a German Requiem, although that does not meet the standard definition of one. He also wrote 4 symphonies and a famous lullaby.
ANSWER: Johannes Brahms
<Dees>

10. Answer these questions about works taking place in colonial America FTPE:
[10] This Nathaniel Hawthorne novel centers around Hester Prynne, who is forced to wear the title object as a punishment for committing adultery.
ANSWER: The Scarlet Letter
[10] This Arthur Miller play uses the Salem witch trials as an allegory for McCarthyism and the Red Scare.
ANSWER: The Crucible
[10] This narrative poem by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow details a love triangle between the title character, Priscilla Mullins, and John Alden.
ANSWER: The Courtship of Miles Standish
<Tse>

11. FTPE, answer these questions about optics:
[10] This phenomenon occurs only when light is passing from a medium with a higher refractive index to one with a lower refractive index. When the critical angle of incidence is exceeded, all of the light will stop crossing the boundary between the media altogether. It has applications in fiber optics.
ANSWER: total internal reflection
[10] This unitless quantity is the ratio of electromagnetic radiation that an object reflects diffusely, to the amount of incident EM radiation. For fresh snow it is about 90%, while for charcoal it is 4%. Its name comes from the Latin word for “white”.
ANSWER: albedo
[10] This number, denoted by a capital V or the Greek letter nu, is a measure of how much a transparent material disperses incident light. In a prism, it represents the ratio of the spectrum’s deviation from the direction of the incident light beam, to the angular spread of the spectrum itself.
ANSWER: Abbe’s number or constringence or reciprocal dispersion (do not prompt on “dispersion”)
<Chen>

12. FTPE Identify these European leaders of various kinds FTPE:
[10] This man was made emperor of France, and he led the military at Marengo and Austerlitz before beign defeated at Leipzig. He instituted a namesake code.
ANSWER: Napoleon Bonaparte (accept either name) or Napoleon I
[10] This king of England had Thomas a Becket murdered, and for that he was excommunicated. He was married to Isabelle of Aquitaine, and his children included the squabbler John Lackland.
ANSWER: Henry II
[10] This communist fought the iron guard in his youth, but became known for an austerity plan that starved a number of his people while dictating Romania. He was killed in an uprising in 1989 after a ridiculously short trial where he was convicted of genocide.
ANSWER: Nicolae Ceausescu

13. FTPE, name these linguists:
[10] This current MIT professor revolutionized the field with 1957's Syntactic Structures, his first major work on generative grammar. He is known as much for his political ideas as for his linguistic ones.
ANSWER: (Avram) Noam Chomsky
[10] This Swiss linguist's laryngeal hypothesis about the Indo-European languages was confirmed with the discovery of Hittite. His Course in General Linguistics was published posthumously, and remains influential today.
ANSWER: Ferdinand de Saussure
[10] He did extensive field work on several Native American languages, but is best known for his work on historical linguistics. His namesake "lists" of a couple hundred basic words for a language are used in glottochronology, or estimating the point of divergence for languages. Much of his work is seen today as flawed.
ANSWER: Morris Swadesh
<Tabachnick>

14. FTPE, name these exclaves.
[10] This 49th state is disconnected from the rest of the United States by Canada.
ANSWER: Alaska
[10] Spain has two cities on the continent of Africa, although Morocco claims both. Name either.
ANSWER: Ceuta or Melilla
[10] This Russian oblast is entirely surrounded by Lithuania, Poland, and the Baltic Sea.
ANSWER: Kaliningrad Oblast (do not accept “Königsberg”)
<Tabachnick>

15. Name these poisonous herbs FTPE:
[10] Also called belladonna, women used it in the form of eye drops to dilate their pupils, supposedly making them more attractive. Its other names include dwale, Banewort, Devil's Cherries, Divale, Black Cherry, Devil's Herb, Great Morel, and Dwayberry.
ANSWER: deadly nightshade
[10] Also called Conium maculatum, it looks a lot like fennel, and was used to poison condemned prisoners in ancient Greece. Socrates drank a solution of it.
ANSWER: hemlock
[10] This species of conifer, Taxus baccata, is often found in churchyards in England, Ireland, and Galacia. It is what Voldemort's wand is made of.
ANSWER: yew
<Tse>

16. Name these paintings by Francisco Goya, FTPE.
[10] This most famous of Goya's Black Paintings depicts a crazed deity gnawing on the arm of a small, headless body.
ANSWER: Saturn Devouring his Children or Saturn Devouring his Son or Saturno devorando a su hijo
[10] In this work, cruel, machine-like soldiers in Napoleon's army are shooting defenseless civilians of Madrid at point-blank range, including a lone figure dressed in bright colors.
ANSWER: The Third of May, 1808: The Execution of the Defenders of Madrid
[10] Goya's depiction of The Second of May, 1808, shows a group of these Muslims on horseback charging upon an uprising in Madrid, one day before the aforementioned firing squad finished the job.
ANSWER: Mamelukes or Mamluks
<Tabachnick>

17. The protagonists daughter is seduced by Victor Komarovsky. FTPE:
[10] This happens in what novel about a poet and physician who lives through the Russian Revolution. This book was banned in the Soviet Union.
ANSWER: Doctor Zhivago
[10] This author wrote poetry in My Sister Life before he wrote Dr. Zhivago.
ANSWER: Boris Pasternak
[10] This is the wife of Pavel Antipov who Yuri Zhivago has the daughter Tania with.
ANSWER: Lara or Larisa Antipova (prompt on "Antipova")
<Dees>

18. Answer the following about a divine civil war, according to the Aztec creation myth, FTPE:
[10] The war started when this mother deity, whose name means “the one with the skirt of serpents,” got miraculously pregnant, and her children resolved to kill her. She is also the receiver of human heart sacrifices.
ANSWER: Coatlicue or Teteo Inan or Cihuacoatl
[10] Coatlicue gave birth to this god of war, patron god of Tenochtitlan and known as the “hummingbird of the south”.
ANSWER: Huitzilopochtli
[10] This plumed serpent god helped dismember Coatlicue, after which the earth and the sky formed.
ANSWER: Quetzalcoatl
<Cheng>

19. Answer these questions about gases FTPE:
[10] This theory analyzes the energy of gases macroscopically, and posits that pressure is not due to static repulsion between molecules, but is a result of molecules colliding with each other at different velocities.
ANSWER: kinetic theory of gases or kinetic-molecular theory or collision theory
[10] Their theorem states that the kinetic energy of a gas is equal to 1/2 Boltzmann's constant times temperature.
ANSWER: equipartition theorem
[10] The equipartition theorem can be derived using this gas law, which states that the pressure times volume equals the amount of gas times temperature times a constant.
ANSWER: ideal gas law
<Tse>

20. Name these Islamic dynasties FTSNOP:
[5] This dynasty ran an empire out of Turkey that overthrew Byzantium in 1453 under Mehmet the 2nd. Their leader Suleyman the Magnificent expanded them to their fullest size, and their rule ended after their allies lost WWI.
ANSWER: Ottoman empire
[5] This Kurdish Ayyubid sultan of Egypt and Syria reconquered Jerusalem from Christians in 1187 before losing to Richard the Lionheart in Arsuf.
ANSWER: Saladin or Salah ad Din Yusuf ibn-Ayyub
[10] This dynasty ruled the entire Islamic world until around 750 and some descendants continued to rule Spain until the Catholic Reconquista and claimed to be a descendent of a relative of Muhammad.
ANSWER: Umayyad or Omayyad
[10] This Turkish tribe migrated from Persia and their leader Togrul captured Baghdad from the Abbasid caliphate, expanding into Afghanistan and Central Asia before falling apart and being divided by invading Mongols in Anatolia in the mid 1300s. They won the battle of Manzikert.
ANSWER: Seljuks
<Dees>

Source : http://www.quizbowlpackets.com/184/Round%2002.rtf

http://www.quizbowlpackets.com/214/Round%203.rtf

http://www.quizbowlpackets.com/184/Round%2006.rtf

http://www.quizbowlpackets.com/214/Round%207.rtf

Web site link: http://www.quizbowlpackets.com/

Google key word : General knowledge quiz questions and answers in english file type : doc

Author : above indicated or not indicated on the source document of the above text

General knowledge quiz questions and answers in english

If you want to quickly find the pages about a particular topic as General knowledge quiz questions and answers in english use the following search engine:

General knowledge quiz questions and answers in english

General knowledge quiz questions and answers in english

General knowledge quiz questions and answers in english

General knowledge quiz questions and answers in english

Toss-Up Questions

Bonus Questions

Toss-Up Questions

Bonus Questions

General knowledge quiz questions and answers in english

General knowledge quiz questions and answers in english

Please visit our home page

Larapedia.com Terms of service and privacy page

General knowledge quiz questions and answers in english