Ecosystems

 

 

 

Ecosystems

 

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Ecosystems

Chapter 3 Science Study Guide

  • An environment has living and nonliving parts.  The living parts include plants, animals, and other living things.  Nonliving parts are sunlight, air, water, and soil.

 

  • An ecosystem is made up of living and nonliving parts acting together.
  • A habitat is the place where a living thing makes its home.
  • All the living things of the same kind that live in the same place at the same time are a population.
  • All the populations that live together in the same place make up a community.  The populations in the community depend on each other.

 

  • Ecosystems can be changed by weather, populations, or fires.

Land Ecosystems

  • A grassland is a type of land ecosystem.  It has many grasses and flowering plants, but few trees.  Grasshoppers and bison live in the grasslands.
  • Deserts are ecosystems that get very little rain.

 

  • The tundra is a cold, dry, land ecosystem.  The soil below the surface stays frozen all year long.  Trees cannot grow roots in the tundra.  Wolves, caribou, brown bears, and eagles live in the tundra.
  • Coniferous forest ecosystems have spruce, fir, and pine trees.  They grow where summers are warm and dry and the winters are cold and snowy.

 

  • Deciduous forests grow where the climate is usually warmer than coniferous forests.  Deciduous forests get rain in summer and snow in winter.  Oak, maple, and beech trees grow here.  These trees drop their leaves in the fall.
  • Tropical rainforests have a warm rainy climate.

 

Water Ecosystems

  • Freshwater ecosystems have lakes, ponds, rivers, and streams.

 

  • Saltwater ecosystems are in the shallow ocean along the shore, the top 200 meters over the deep ocean, the deep ocean, and the salt marshes where rivers and oceans meet.  There is salt in ocean water.

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Ecosystems